فرمان

Persian

Alternative forms

فرمون‎ (farmun)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plmʾn'), 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗‎ (frmʾn /framān/, “order, command”), from Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (framānā, “command”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pramaHnam. Cognate with Gurani ھەرمانە‎ (harmāna, “work”) and Iranian loanwords Old Armenian հրաման (hraman), Aramaic הַרְמָן‎ (hrmnʾ, “order”).

Cognate with Sanskrit प्रमाण (pramāṇa).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /faɾmɑːn/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /faɾmɒːn/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /fæɾmɒːn/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /faɾmɔːn/

Noun

فرمان • (farmân) (plural فرامین‎ (farâmin) or فرمان‌ها‎ (farmân-hâ))

Iranian Persian	فرمان
Dari	فرمان
Tajik	фармон (farmon)

Synonyms

(command, order): دستور‎ (dastur)
(decree, edict): حکم‎ (hokm)

Derived terms

فرمانده‎ (farmânde)
- فرماندهی‎ (farmândehi)
فرمانروا‎ (farmânravâ)
- فرمانروایی‎ (farmânravâyi)
فرماندار‎ (farmândâr)
- فرمانداری‎ (farmândâri)
فرمانبر‎ (farmânbar)
- فرمانبری‎ (farmânbari)
فرمانبردار‎ (farmânbardâr)
- فرمانبرداری‎ (farmânbardâri)
فرمان‌فرما‎ (farmân-farmâ)
فرمان دادن‎ (farmân dâdan)

Related terms

فرمودن‎ (farmudan)

Descendants

> Arabic: فَرْمَان‎ (farmān)
> Azerbaijani: fərman
> Bashkir: фарман (farman)
> Bengali: ফরমান (fôrman)
> Dhivehi: ފަރުމާނު‎ (farumānu)
> Gujarati: ફરમાન (pharmān)
> Hindustani:
Hindi: फ़रमान (farmān)

Urdu: فرمان‎ (farmān)
> Indonesian: firman
> Marathi: फर्मान (pharmān)
> Ottoman Turkish: فرمان‎ (ferman)
- Turkish: ferman
- > English: firman
- → Romanian: firman
- → Hungarian: fermán
> Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਫ਼ਰਮਾਨ (farmān)

Shahmukhi script: فَرمان‎ (farmān)
> Russian: фирман (firman)

References

Walter W[illiam] Skeat (1910), “فرمان”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, new (4th) revised and enlarged edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: At the Clarendon Press, published 1963, →OCLC.
Klein, Dr. Ernest, A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language, Amsterdam: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., 1971.
Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian ‎.

Noun

فرمان • (farmān) m (Hindi spelling फ़रमान)

Related terms

فرمانا‎ (farmānā)
فرمائش‎ (farmāish)

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