مسجد
Arabic
Etymology
Noun of place from the verb سَجَدَ (sajada, “to bow down”), from the root س ج د (s-j-d). Likely borrowed from a regional Aramaic term for a place of worship, attested in Nabataean Aramaic 𐢓𐢖𐢄𐢅𐢀 (msgdʾ) and in Imperial Aramaic 𐡌𐡎𐡂𐡃𐡀 (msgdʾ) already in the 5th century BCE, the emphatic state of which seems to underlie some of the Romance descendants.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mas.d͡ʒid/
Noun
مَسْجِد • (masjid) m (plural مَسَاجِد (masājid))
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مَسْجِد masjid |
الْمَسْجِد al-masjid |
مَسْجِد masjid |
Nominative | مَسْجِدٌ masjidun |
الْمَسْجِدُ al-masjidu |
مَسْجِدُ masjidu |
Accusative | مَسْجِدًا masjidan |
الْمَسْجِدَ al-masjida |
مَسْجِدَ masjida |
Genitive | مَسْجِدٍ masjidin |
الْمَسْجِدِ al-masjidi |
مَسْجِدِ masjidi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مَسْجِدَيْن masjidayn |
الْمَسْجِدَيْن al-masjidayn |
مَسْجِدَيْ masjiday |
Nominative | مَسْجِدَانِ masjidāni |
الْمَسْجِدَانِ al-masjidāni |
مَسْجِدَا masjidā |
Accusative | مَسْجِدَيْنِ masjidayni |
الْمَسْجِدَيْنِ al-masjidayni |
مَسْجِدَيْ masjiday |
Genitive | مَسْجِدَيْنِ masjidayni |
الْمَسْجِدَيْنِ al-masjidayni |
مَسْجِدَيْ masjiday |
Plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مَسَاجِد masājid |
الْمَسَاجِد al-masājid |
مَسَاجِد masājid |
Nominative | مَسَاجِدُ masājidu |
الْمَسَاجِدُ al-masājidu |
مَسَاجِدُ masājidu |
Accusative | مَسَاجِدَ masājida |
الْمَسَاجِدَ al-masājida |
مَسَاجِدَ masājida |
Genitive | مَسَاجِدَ masājida |
الْمَسَاجِدِ al-masājidi |
مَسَاجِدِ masājidi |
Derived terms
- الْمَسْجِد الْحَرَام (al-masjid al-ḥarām)
- الْمَسْجِد الْأَقْصَى (al-masjid al-ʔaqṣā)
- الْمَسْجِدَان (al-masjidān, “the Two Mosques (of Mecca and Medina)”)
Descendants
- Gulf Arabic: مسيد (masyid)
- → Amharic: መስጊድ (mäsgid)
- → Central Kurdish: مزگەوت (mizgewt), مِزگِت (mizgit)
- → Classical Syriac: ܡܣܓܕܐ (masgḏā)
- → English: masjid
- → Sundanese: masigit
- → Javanese: mesjid
- → Kimaragang: mosigid
- → Malay: masjid
- Indonesian: masjid
- → Middle Persian: [script needed] (mzgt' /mazgit/)
- Classical Persian: مزگت (mazgit)
- → Southern Altai: мечет (mečet)
- → Old Armenian: մզկիթ (mzkitʿ)
- → Avar: мажгит (mažgit)
- → Bashkir: мәсет (mäset)
- → Chechen: маьждиг (mäždig)
- → Crimean Tatar: mescit
- → Dargwa: мижит (mižit)
- → Georgian: მეჩეთი (mečeti)
- → Lak: мизит (mizit)
- → Ingush: маьждиг (mäždig)
- → Kazakh: мешіт (meşıt)
- → Nogai: мешит (meşit)
- → Tatar: мәчет (mäçet)
- Classical Persian: مزگت (mazgit)
- → Classical Persian: مسجد (masjid)
- Tajik: masjid
- → Azerbaijani: məscid
- → Bengali: মসজিদ (mosjid)
- → Gujarati: મસ્જિદ (masjid)
- → Hindustani:
- → Kannada: ಮಸೀದಿ (masīdi)
- → Magahi: 𑂧𑂯𑂔𑂱𑂠 (mahjid)
- → Marathi: मस्जिद (masjid), मशीद (maśīd)
- → Northern Kurdish: mescîd, mizgeft
- → Lishana Deni: מזגפת (məzgaft(e))
- → Ottoman Turkish: مسجد
- → Old Punjabi: مَسِیت (masīti)
- → Rajasthani: मसीत (masīt), मसीद (masīd)
- → Tamil: மஸ்ஜித் (masjit)
- → Turkmen: metjit
- → Uzbek: masjid
- → Swahili: msikiti
- → Hebrew: מִסְגָּד (misgā́d) (calque)
- → Portuguese: Magide
- → Thai: มัสยิด (mát-sà-yít)
- Latin: meschita
- Ancient Greek: μασγίδιον (masgídion)
See also
- جَامِع (jāmiʕ)
References
- “msgd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Schwally, Friedrich (1898), “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 52, page 134
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “سجد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
Malay
Pronunciation
- (Johor-Selangor) IPA(key): /masd͡ʒet/
- (Riau-Lingga) IPA(key): /masd͡ʒɪt/
- Rhymes: -d͡ʒet, -et
Ottoman Turkish
References
- Redhouse, James W. (1890), “مسجد”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1851
Persian
Pronunciation
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): /masd͡ʒið/
- (Dari Persian) IPA(key): /masd͡ʒɪd/
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): /mæsd͡ʒed/
- (Tajik) IPA(key): /masd͡ʒid/
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
س ج د |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mas.ʒid/, [ˈmas.ʒɪd]
Audio (al-Lidd) (file)
Urdu
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian مسجد (masjid), from Arabic مَسْجِد (masjid), from the Arabic root س ج د (s j d, “to prostrate; bow; bending; complying”).
Pronunciation
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /məs.d͡ʒɪd̪/
- (Deccani) IPA(key): /məs.d͡ʒɪd̪/
Audio (PK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɪd̪
- Hyphenation: مَسْ‧جِد
Noun
مَسْجِد • (masjid) f (plural مَساجِد, Hindi spelling मस्जिद)
- a place of worship for prostration
- (chiefly Islam) mosque
- (Judaism, obsolete) synagogue
- 2019 May 16, شاہ ولی اللہ – Shah Wali-ul-llah, “کراچی میں مقیم یہودیوں کی تاریخ – karācī meṉ maqīm yahūdioṉ kī tārīx”, in روزنامہ جنگ – Daily Jang, Karachi:
- اس عبادت گاہ کو بنی اسرائیل مسجد بھی کہا جاتا تھا۔
- is ʻibādat gāh ko banī isrā'īl masjid bhī kahā jātā thā.
- This place of worship also used to be known as the Bene Israel synagogue.
- Synonym: کنیسہ (kanīsa)
-
Usage notes
While مسجد usually infers the Islamic place of worship – the mosque, broadly speaking, it can be used for other places of worship, but specifically for faiths who's worship involves prostration.
Declension
Declension of مسجد | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | مسجد (masjid) | مسجدیں (masjidẽ) |
oblique | مسجد (masjid) | مسجدوں (masjidõ) |
vocative | مسجد (masjid) | مسجدو (masjido) |
Further reading
- “مسجد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “مسجد”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “مسجد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.