گذشتن

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wtštn' /widaštan/), [script needed] (wtltn' /widardan/, pass, cross, die).[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tajik) IPA(key): /ɡuzaʃˈtan/

Verb

Dari گذشتن
Iranian Persian
Tajik гузаштан (guzaštan)

گُذَشتَن (gozaštan), present stem گُذَر (gozar) (intransitive)

  1. to pass, to pass away (especially of time)
    این نیز بگذردin niz bogzoradthis too shall pass
    • c. 1100, Omar Khayyam, Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam:
      از دی که گذشت هیچ از آن یاد مکن
      فردا که نیامده است فریاد مکن.
      az dî ki guzašt hêč az ân yâd ma-kun
      fardâ ki nay-âmada ast faryâd ma-kun
      The yesterday that's gone, you must forget what it was
      For the tomorrow not come, don't flitter and fuss.
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
    • c. 1789, Wajīh al-Dīn Ashraf, بحرِ زخّار [Bahr-i Zaxxār]:
      چنانچه بعد از نماز چهار روز گذشت و باران نبارید []
      čunânči ba'd az namâz čahâr rôz guzašt u bârân na-bârîd []
      when four days passed after the prayer and it did not rain []
      (Classical Persian transliteration)
  2. to pass away; to die
    Synonym: درگذشتن (dargozaštan)
  3. to cross over
    از این رودخانه گذشتم.
    az in rudxâne gozaštam.
    I crossed over this river.
  4. to overlook; to pardon (a wrong, a sin)

Usage notes

  • گذشتن (gozaštan) is intransitive, and in senses that are equivalent to English transitive verbs, از (az) is used for what in English would be the direct object.

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

  1. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “widardan”/“widaštan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 90
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