ܫܐܠ
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
| Root |
|---|
| ܫ ܐ ܠ (š ʾ l) |
| 2 terms |
Etymology
From Aramaic שְׁאַל (šəʾal); compare Arabic سَأَلَ (saʔala), Hebrew שָׁאַל (sha'ál), Eblaite 𒊭𒀪𒀀𒇻 (ša-ʾ-a-lu /šaʾal/), Ge'ez ሰአለ (säʾälä).
Pronunciation 1
- (standard) IPA(key): [ʃɑːʔelː]
Verb
ܫܵܐܹܠ • (šāʾēl) (present participle ܫܐܵܠܵܐ (šʾālā), past participle ܫܐܝܼܠܵܐ (šʾīlā))
Usage notes
Conjugation
Conjugation of ܫܵܐܹܠ (šāʾēl)
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| past | m | ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܝܼ (šʾīl lī) |
ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (šʾīl luḵ) |
ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܹܗ (šʾīl lēh) |
ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܲܢ (šʾīl lan) |
ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šʾīl lāwḵon) |
ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܗܘܿܢ (šʾīl lhon) |
| f | ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (šʾīl lāḵ) |
ܫܐܝܼܠ ܠܵܗ̇ (šʾīl lāh) | |||||
| non-past | m | ܫܵܐܠܹܢ (šālēn) |
ܫܵܐܠܹܬ (šālēt) |
ܫܵܐܹܠ (šāʾēl) |
ܫܵܐܠܲܚ (šālaḥ) |
ܫܵܐܠܝܼܬܘܿܢ (šālīton) |
ܫܵܐܠܝܼ (šālī) |
| f | ܫܵܐܠܵܢ (šālān) |
ܫܵܐܠܵܬܝ (šālāt) |
ܫܵܐܠܵܐ (šālā) | ||||
| imperative | m | ܫܐܘܿܠ (šʾol) |
ܫܐܘܿܠܘܼܢ (šʾolun) |
||||
| f | ܫܐܘܿܠܝ (šʾol) | ||||||
Pronunciation 2
- (standard) IPA(key): [ʃa.ʔɪlː]
Verb
ܫܲܐܸܠ • (šaʾil) (present participle ܫܲܐܘܼܠܹܐ (šaʾulē), past participle ܫܘܼܐܸܠܵܐ (šuʾillā))
- to hold responsible, answerable; settle an account with, hold accountable, call to account
- to gather information about
- to ask, question, interrogate
Conjugation
Conjugation of ܫܲܐܸܠ (šaʾil)
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| past | m | ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܝܼ (šuʾil lī) |
ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (šuʾil luḵ) |
ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܹܗ (šuʾil lēh) |
ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܲܢ (šuʾil lan) |
ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šuʾil lāwḵon) |
ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܗܘܿܢ (šuʾil lhon) |
| f | ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (šuʾil lāḵ) |
ܫܘܼܐܸܠ ܠܵܗ̇ (šuʾil lāh) | |||||
| non-past | m | ܫܲܐܸܠܸܢ (šaʾilin) |
ܫܲܐܸܠܸܬ (šaʾilit) |
ܫܲܐܸܠ (šaʾil) |
ܫܲܐܸܠܲܚ (šaʾilaḥ) |
ܫܲܐܸܠܝܼܬܘܿܢ (šaʾilīton) |
ܫܲܐܸܠܝܼ (šaʾilī) |
| f | ܫܲܐܸܠܵܢ (šaʾilān) |
ܫܲܐܸܠܵܬ (šaʾilāt) |
ܫܲܐܸܠܵܐ (šaʾilā) | ||||
| imperative | m | ܫܲܐܸܠ (šaʾil) |
ܫܲܐܸܠܘܼܢ (šaʾilun) |
||||
| f | ܫܲܐܸܠܝ (šaʾil) | ||||||
Classical Syriac
Etymology
From the root ܫ-ܐ-ܠ (š-ʾ-l) related to asking; compare Arabic سَأَلَ (saʔala), Hebrew שָׁאַל (šāʾal), Eblaite 𒊭𒀪𒀀𒇻 (ša-ʾ-a-lu /šaʾal/), Ge'ez ሰአለ (säʾälä).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Edessan) IPA(key): [ˈʃ(ə.)ʔɛl]
- (Eastern Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈʃʔɪl]
- (Western Syriac) IPA(key): [ˈʃʔel], [ˈʃel]
Verb
ܫܐܠ • (šəʾel) (imperfect ܢܫܐܠ (nešʾal)) (peal construction)
- to ask, inquire, question, interrogate
- to consult, counsel
- to request, entreat, demand
- to beg, borrow
- to claim
- to greet
- (with ܫܐܠܬܐ (šəʾeləṯā)) to make a request
- (with ܒ- (ba-) + ܩܛܝܪܐ (qəṭīrā)) to extort
- (with ܫܠܡܐ (šəlāmā) or ܒ- (ba-) + ܫܠܡܐ (šəlāmā)) to ask how one is, ask about the health of; salute
- (with ܒ- (bə-) + ܢܓܕܐ (neḡdē)) to torture
References
- “šˀl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2021-07-19
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 355a
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 553b-55b
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1497a-1498a
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