आचार

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɑː.t͡ʃɑːɾ/, [äː.t͡ʃäːɾ]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit आचार (ācāra).

Noun

आचार • (ācār) m (Urdu spelling آچار‎)

Declension

Declension of आचार (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	आचार ācār	आचार ācār
oblique	आचार ācār	आचारों ācārõ
vocative	आचार ācār	आचारो ācāro

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian ‎ (âčâr).

Noun

आचार • (ācār) m (Urdu spelling آچار‎)

Alternative form of अचार (acār)

Declension

Declension of आचार (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	आचार ācār	आचार ācār
oblique	आचार ācār	आचारों ācārõ
vocative	आचार ācār	आचारो ācāro

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ᬆᬘᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
আচাৰ (Assamese script)
আচার (Bengali script)
𑰁𑰓𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀆𑀘𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
𑌆𑌚𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
આચાર (Gujarati script)
ਆਚਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦄꦴꦕꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
អាចារ (Khmer script)
ಆಚಾರ (Kannada script)
ອາຈາຣ (Lao script)
ആചാര (Malayalam script)
𑘁𑘓𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
ᠠᢗᢋᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢜᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
အာစာရ (Burmese script)
𑦡𑦳𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
𑐁𑐔𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
ଆଚାର (Oriya script)
ꢃꢗꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆄𑆖𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖁𑖓𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
ආචාර (Sinhalese script)
ఆచార (Telugu script)
อาจาร (Thai script)
ཨཱ་ཙཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
𑒂𑒔𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

आ- (ā-) +‎ चार (cāra), ultimately from the root चर् (car).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑː.t͡ɕɑː.ɾɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ɑːˈt͡ɕɑː.ɾɐ/

Noun

आचार • (ācāra) m

conduct, manner of action, behaviour, good behaviour, good conduct
custom, practice, usage, traditional or immemorial usage (as the foundation of law)
- c. 400 CE, Kālidāsa, Raghuvaṃśa 2.13:
  पृक्तस्तुषारैर्गिरिनिर्झराणमनोकहाकम्पितपुष्पगन्धी।
  तमातपक्लान्तमनातपत्रमाचारपूतं पवनो निषेवे
  pṛktastuṣārairgirinirjharāṇamanokahākampitapuṣpagandhī.
  tamātapaklāntamanātapatramācārapūtaṃ pavano niṣeve
  the sprays of mountain torrents melt with odorous flowers and the breeze sways the trees (lit. “the ones not quitting home”)
  and he (ie, Dilipa), although unumbrellaed and tired by the sun, is followed by pure customs
an established rule of conduct, ordinance, institute, precept
rule, line

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आचार (ācāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आचारः ācāraḥ	आचारौ ācārau	आचाराः / आचारासः¹ ācārāḥ / ācārāsaḥ¹
Vocative	आचार ācāra	आचारौ ācārau	आचाराः / आचारासः¹ ācārāḥ / ācārāsaḥ¹
Accusative	आचारम् ācāram	आचारौ ācārau	आचारान् ācārān
Instrumental	आचारेण ācāreṇa	आचाराभ्याम् ācārābhyām	आचारैः / आचारेभिः¹ ācāraiḥ / ācārebhiḥ¹
Dative	आचाराय ācārāya	आचाराभ्याम् ācārābhyām	आचारेभ्यः ācārebhyaḥ
Ablative	आचारात् ācārāt	आचाराभ्याम् ācārābhyām	आचारेभ्यः ācārebhyaḥ
Genitive	आचारस्य ācārasya	आचारयोः ācārayoḥ	आचाराणाम् ācārāṇām
Locative	आचारे ācāre	आचारयोः ācārayoḥ	आचारेषु ācāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

आचारी (ācārī, “conduct, manner, action”)
आचार्य (ācārya, “teacher”)
आचारभेद (ācārabheda, “breaking the rules of traditional usage”)
आचारभ्रष्ट (ācārabhraṣṭa, “out of fashion, fallen from custom”)

Descendants

→ Malay: acara
- Indonesian: acara
→ Old Javanese: ācāra
- Javanese: ꦲꦕꦫ (acara)
- → Balinese: ᬆᬘᬵᬭ (acara, “rule”)
- Shan: ဢၸႃႇရႃႉ (ʼǎ tsàa râ̰a)

References

Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary, page 131
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ācāra”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.