जड

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘕𑘚 (jaḍa), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀚𑀟 (jaḍa), from Sanskrit जड (jaḍa). Related to जाड (jāḍ), जाडे (jāḍe, “thick, stout, fat”). Compare Gujarati જડ (jaḍ), Hindustani جَڑ‎ / जड़ (jaṛ), Sindhi جَڙُ‎ / जड़ु, Oriya ଜଡ଼ (jôṛô), Bengali জড় (joṛ).

• IPA^(key): /d͡zəɖ/

जड • (j̈āḍ)

1. heavy
2. sluggish

   जीभ जड होणे ― jībh j̈aḍ hoṇe ― to have unclear articulation (literally, “tongue to become sluggish”)

3. difficult

   जड जाणे ― j̈aḍ j̈āṇe ― to be difficult (literally, “to go difficult”)

4. (of water) hard (with a high concentration of dissolved minerals)

   जड पाणी ― j̈aḍ pāṇī ― hard water

5. inanimate

• Berntsen, Maxine, “जड”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Raeside, Ian Matthew Paton; Nemade, Bhalchandra Vanaji (1991) Marathi Reading Course, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, page 188
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “जड”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Date, Yasavanta Ramakrshna (1932-1950), “जड”, in Maharashtra Sabdakosa (in Marathi), Pune: Maharashtra Kosamandala.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “jaḍa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

From Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). Related to English cold and Latin gelū.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐ.ɖɐ́/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʑɐ.ɖɐ/

जड • (jaḍa)

1. cold, frigid
2. stiff, torpid
3. stupid, dull