त्याग
See also: ताग and त्यागी
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit त्याग (tyāga). Cognate with Gujarati ત્યાગ (tyāg), Marathi त्याग (tyāg), Nepali त्याग (tyāg), Punjabi ਤਿਆਗ (tiāga).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /t̪jɑːɡ/, [t̪jäːɡ]
Declension
Declension of त्याग (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | त्याग tyāg |
त्याग tyāg |
| oblique | त्याग tyāg |
त्यागों tyāgõ |
| vocative | त्याग tyāg |
त्यागो tyāgo |
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit त्याग (tyāga). Cognate with Gujarati ત્યાગ (tyāg), Hindi त्याग (tyāg), Nepali त्याग (tyāg), Punjabi ਤਿਆਗ (tiāga).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t̪jaɡ/
Declension
| Declension of त्याग (tyāg) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
त्याग tyāg | ||
| direct plural |
त्याग tyāg | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | त्याग tyāg |
त्याग tyāg | |
| oblique | त्यागा- tyāgā- |
त्यागां- tyāgāN- | |
| dative | त्यागाला tyāgālā |
त्यागांना tyāgāNnā | |
| ergative | त्यागाने tyāgāne |
त्यागांनी tyāgāNni | |
| instrumental | त्यागाशी tyāgāśi |
त्यागांशी tyāgāNśi | |
| locative | त्यागात tyāgāt |
त्यागांत tyāgāNt | |
| vocative | त्यागा tyāgā |
त्यागांनो tyāgāNno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of त्याग | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object | feminine object | neuter object | oblique | |||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular* | plural | |||
| singular subject | त्यागाचा tyāgāċā |
त्यागाचे tyāgāce |
त्यागाची tyāgāci |
त्यागाच्या tyāgāca |
त्यागाचे, त्यागाचं tyāgāce, tyāgāċa |
त्यागाची tyāgāci |
त्यागाच्या tyāgāca | |
| plural subject | त्यागांचा tyāgāNċā |
त्यागांचे tyāgāNce |
त्यागांची tyāgāNci |
त्यागांच्या tyāgāNca |
त्यागांचे, त्यागांचं tyāgāNce, tyāgāNċa |
त्यागांची tyāgāNci |
त्यागांच्या tyāgāNca | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Related terms
- त्याग करणे (tyāg karṇe, “to sacrifice”)
- त्यागणे (tyāgṇe, “to abandon, to sacrifice”)
- त्यागी (tyāgī)
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ᬢ᭄ᬬᬵᬕ (Balinese script)
- ত্যাগ (Assamese script)
- ত্যাগ (Bengali script)
- 𑰝𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀕 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌤𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌗 (Grantha script)
- ત્યાગ (Gujarati script)
- ਤੑਯਾਗ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦠꦾꦴꦒ (Javanese script)
- ត្យាគ (Khmer script)
- ತ್ಯಾಗ (Kannada script)
- ຕ຺ຍາຄ (Lao script)
- ത്യാഗ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘝𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘐 (Modi script)
- ᢐᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
- ᢠᠶᠠ᠊ᠠᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
- တျာဂ (Burmese script)
- 𑦽𑧠𑧇𑧑𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐐 (Newa script)
- ତ୍ଯାଗ (Oriya script)
- ꢡ꣄ꢫꢵꢔ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆠𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆓 (Sharada script)
- 𑖝𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖐 (Siddham script)
- ත්යාග (Sinhalese script)
- త్యాగ (Telugu script)
- ตฺยาค (Thai script)
- ཏྱཱ་ག (Tibetan script)
- 𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tyāgás, from Proto-Indo-European *tyegʷ- (“to avoid”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬚𐬫𐬈𐬘𐬀𐬵 (iθyejah).
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of त्याग (tyāgá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | त्यागः tyāgáḥ |
त्यागौ tyāgaú |
त्यागाः / त्यागासः¹ tyāgā́ḥ / tyāgā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | त्याग tyā́ga |
त्यागौ tyā́gau |
त्यागाः / त्यागासः¹ tyā́gāḥ / tyā́gāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | त्यागम् tyāgám |
त्यागौ tyāgaú |
त्यागान् tyāgā́n |
| Instrumental | त्यागेन tyāgéna |
त्यागाभ्याम् tyāgā́bhyām |
त्यागैः / त्यागेभिः¹ tyāgaíḥ / tyāgébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | त्यागाय tyāgā́ya |
त्यागाभ्याम् tyāgā́bhyām |
त्यागेभ्यः tyāgébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | त्यागात् tyāgā́t |
त्यागाभ्याम् tyāgā́bhyām |
त्यागेभ्यः tyāgébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | त्यागस्य tyāgásya |
त्यागयोः tyāgáyoḥ |
त्यागानाम् tyāgā́nām |
| Locative | त्यागे tyāgé |
त्यागयोः tyāgáyoḥ |
त्यागेषु tyāgéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “त्याग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 456/3.
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