सत्

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hsánt (“being”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts (“being”, present participle of *h₁es-). Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬧𐬙‎ (haṇt), Younger Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬡𐬌-𐬱𐬀𐬧𐬙‎ (aⁱβi-šaṇt), Hittite 𒀀𒊭𒀀𒀭𒍝 (ašānz(a)), Ancient Greek ὤν (ṓn), Latin prae-sēns (“present”), Old English sōþ whence English sooth.

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́t/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐt̪/

सत् • (sát)

1. present participle of अस्ति (asti); being, existing, occurring, happening, being present
2. (with locative) abiding in
3. (with genitive) belonging to
4. living
5. lasting, enduring
6. real, actual, as any one or anything ought to be, true, good, right

सत् • (sát) m

1. a being; (in the plural) beings, creatures
2. a good or wise man, a sage
3. good or honest or wise or respectable people

सत् • (sat) n

1. entity or existence, essence
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.129.01

     nā́sad āsīn nó sád āsīt tadā́nīṃ nā́sīd rájo nó vyo mā paró yát
     kím ā́varīvaḥ kúha kásya šármann ámbhaḥ kím āsīd gáhanaṃ gabhīrám

     Then was not non-existent nor existent: there was no realm of air, no sky beyond it.
     What covered in, and where? and what gave shelter? Was water there, unfathomed depth of water?

2. that which is good or real or true, reality, truth

• सती (satī́)
• सत्य (satyá)
• सत्त्व (sattvá)
• सत्कार (satkāra)
• सत्कृत्य (satkṛtya)
• सत्पति (satpati)
• सत्पथ (satpatha)
• सत्पुत्र (satputra)
• सत्फल (satphala)
• सत्संकल्प (satsaṃkalpa)

• Monier Williams (1899), “सत्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1134.