ह्यस्

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰyás (“yesterday”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyés (“yeserday”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬰𐬫𐬋‎ (zyō), Ancient Greek χθές (khthés), Latin herī, English yesterday, Old Persian 𐎮𐎹𐎣 (di-y-k /diya(-ka)/) (whence Persian دیروز‎ (di-ruz)).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɦi.jɐ́s/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɦjɐs̪/

ह्यस् • (hyás) (metrical Vedic hiyás)

1. yesterday
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.99.1:

     त्वामिदा ह्यो नरोऽपीप्यन्वज्रिन्भूर्णयः। स इन्द्र स्तोमवाहसामिह श्रुध्युप स्वसरमा गहि ॥

     tvāmidā hyo naroʼpīpyanvajrinbhūrṇayaḥ. sa indra stomavāhasāmiha śrudhyupa svasaramā gahi .

     O thunderer, your worshippers, zealous worshippers made you drink [Soma] this time yesterday; listen, Indra, here to us who offer you praise; and come you to our dwelling.

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.55.5:

     देवस्य पश्य काव्यं महित्वाद्या ममार स ह्यः समान ॥

     devasya paśya kāvyaṃ mahitvādyā mamāra sa hyaḥ samāna .

     Behold the Gods’ high wisdom in its greatness: he who died yesterday is living today.

• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri:

    Arabic: یَوٕ‎ (yavụ)

    Devanagari: यव (yaw)

• Helu:
  • Dhivehi: އިއްޔެ‎ (iyye)
  • Sinhalese: ඊයේ (īyē)
• Pali: hiyyo
• Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑁄 (hijjo), 𑀳𑀺𑀑 (hio)
  • Helu:
    • Dhivehi: އިއްޔެ‎ (iyye)
    • Sinhalese: ඊයේ (īyē)
  • Khasa Prakrit:
    • Nepali: हिजो (hijo)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit:
    • Romani: idž, ič, iž, jič, jidž
• → Hindi: ह्यः (hyaḥ)

• Monier Williams (1899), “ह्यस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1306.
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2023), “hyas”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “ह्यस्”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1767
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “ह्यस्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 381
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “hiyás”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 815