はる

Japanese

Noun

はる • (haru) 

  1. 春: spring (season)

Verb

はる • (haru) godan, stem はり (hari), past はった (hatta)

  1. 張る: stretch, tighten, strain; freeze, turf
  2. 貼る: stick, paste, post, paper

Suffix

はる • (-haru) 

  1. (Kansai) verbal suffix expressing respect to subject of verb; X-a-haru is equivalent to standard o-X-i ni naru.
    • 2005 August 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第(だい)六(ろく)十(じゅう)五(ご)訓(くん)　外(がい)見(けん)だけで人(ひと)を判(はん)断(だん)しちゃダメ [Lesson 65: Don’t Judge People by Their Looks]”, in 銀(ぎん)魂(たま) [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
      土(ひじ)方(かた)はんって　二(に)枚(まい)目(め)やしクールやし
      Hijikata-hantte nimaime yashi kūru yashi
      Hijikata-han, yer so cool and handsome!
      さぞモテはるんでしょ？
      Sazo moteharun desho?
      Ah bet yer very popular with the ladies! Ain’tcha?
      そうでもねーよ
      Sō demo nē yo
      Nah, not really
      いややわ〰ウソばっかり
      Iyayawa~ uso bakkari
      No waaay~ I don’t believe that
      土(ひじ)方(かた)はん　土(ひじ)方(かた)はん
      Hijikata-han Hijikata-han
      Hijikata-han, Hijikata-han
      アレ？それ　何(なに)食(た)べてはるん？
      Are? Sore nani tabete harun?
      Eh? Whatcha eatin’ there?
      お茶(ちゃ)づけ土(ひじ)方(かた)スペシャルだ　食(く)うか？
      Ochazuke Hijikata Supesharu da Kuu ka?
      Ochazuke Hijikata Special. Want some?

Usage notes

Characteristic of Kyoto 敬語 (keigo, honorific/court language), used throughout Kansai dialect. Intermediate in politeness between base (informal) form of verb and polite -masu form, though in Kyoto widely used in casual speech, and much closer to informal.

  • In Osaka and surrounding areas, attaches to -masu stem.
  • In Kyoto and surrounding areas, such as Nara and Shiga, attaches to -a inflection of verb; with vowel stems, takes epenthetic -ya-
    • toor-u (to pass) → toora-haru. ik-u (to go) → ika-haru.
    • mi-ru (to see) → mi-haru or mi-ya-haru. i-ru (to be) → i-haru or i-ya-haru. suru (to do) → shi-haru or shi-ya-haru. kuru (to come) → ki-haru or ki-ya-haru.
  • After て form of verb, sometimes て changes た, is equivalent to irassharu: kangaete haru or kangaeta haru (= kangaete irassharu).
  • 〜はる can in turn take ます for additional politeness, yielding 〜はります, and other polite endings such as 〜んです, yielding 〜はるんです.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "はる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) はら hara
Continuative (連用形) はり hari
Terminal (終止形) はる haru
Attributive (連体形) はる haru
Hypothetical (仮定形) はれ¹ hare¹
Imperative (命令形) はれ¹ hare¹
Key constructions
Passive - -
Causative - -
Potential - -
Volitional - -
Negative はらへん
はれへん
はらん		 harahen
harehen
haran
Negative continuative - -
Formal はります harimasu
Perfective はった hatta
Conjunctive はって hatte
Hypothetical conditional はれば¹
はったら		 hareba¹
hattara
¹ Rare, especially Imperative form.

References
  • Palter, DC and Slotsve, Kaoru Horiuchi (1995). Colloquial Kansai Japanese: The Dialects And Culture of the Kansai Region. Boston: Charles E. Tuttle Publishing. →ISBN, pp. 32–34
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