命令

Chinese

		life; fate	make or cause to be; order; command make or cause to be; order; command; decree; honorable
trad. (命令)		命	令
simp. ^#(命令)		命	令

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): mìnglìng

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ

(Chengdu, SP): min⁴ nin⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): ming⁶ ling⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): min-lin
Jin (Wiktionary): ming³ ling³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): bēng-lēng / bǐn-lǐn

(Teochew, Peng'im): mêng⁶ lêng⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): ³min-lin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mìnglìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˋ ㄌㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mìnglìng
  - Wade–Giles: ming⁴-ling⁴
  - Yale: mìng-lìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: minqlinq
  - Palladius: минлин (minlin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ liŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: min⁴ nin⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: minlin
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /min²¹³ nin²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ming⁶ ling⁶
  - Yale: mihng lihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ming⁶ ling⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ming⁶ ling⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɪŋ²² lɪŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: min-lin
  - Hakka Romanization System: min lin
  - Hagfa Pinyim: min⁴ lin⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /min⁵⁵ lin⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: ming³ ling³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /mĩŋ⁴⁵ lĩŋ⁴⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bēng-lēng
  - Tâi-lô: bīng-līng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bexngleng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ liɪŋ²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ³³⁻²¹ liɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /biɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ liɪŋ³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² liɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bǐn-lǐn
  - Tâi-lô: bǐn-lǐn
  - IPA (Longyan): /bin⁵³⁻¹¹ lin⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mêng⁶ lêng⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mĕng lĕng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /meŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ leŋ³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ³min-lin
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɪɲ²² lɪɲ⁴⁴/

Noun

命令

order; command; directive
執行命令／执行命令 ― zhíxíng mìnglìng ― to execute an order

誰傳達的這道命令？ [MSC, trad.]
谁传达的这道命令？ [MSC, simp.]
Shéi chuándá de zhè dào mìnglìng? [Pinyin]
Who passed on this order?

Synonyms

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上級給下級的指示／上级给下级的指示 (shàngjí gěi xiàjí de zhǐshì)
令 (lìng)
指令 (zhǐlìng)

號令／号令 (hàolìng)
誡命／诫命 (jièmìng) (literary)

Verb

命令

to order; to command

Synonyms

edit

下令 (xiàlìng)
令 (lìng)
吩咐 (fēnfù)
指令 (zhǐlìng)
申令 (shēnlìng) (formal)

號令／号令 (hàolìng)
責令／责令 (zélìng)
責成／责成 (zéchéng)
飭令／饬令 (chìlìng) (dated, usually in official documents)

Derived terms

Derived terms from 命令

命令句 (mìnglìngjù)
命令式
支付命令
法庭命令 (fǎtíng mìnglìng)

行政命令 (xíngzhèng mìnglìng)
命令主義／命令主义 (mìnglìngzhǔyì)
緊急命令／紧急命令

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (命令):

→ Japanese: 命令(めいれい) (meirei)
→ Korean: 명령(命令) (myeongnyeong)
→ Vietnamese: mệnh lệnh (命令)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
命	令
めい Grade: 3	れい Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

命(めい)令(れい) • (meirei)

order, direction, instruction, commandment
命(めい)令(れい)を受(う)ける
meirei o ukeru
to receive a command

ご主(しゅ)人(じん)様(さま)、ご命(めい)令(れい)を。
Go-shujin-sama, go-meirei o.
I await your orders, master.
decree from a court

Verb

命(めい)令(れい)する • (meirei suru) transitive suru (stem 命(めい)令(れい)し (meirei shi), past 命(めい)令(れい)した (meirei shita))

to order, to command
to issue a decree

Conjugation

Conjugation of "命令する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	命令し	めいれいし	meirei shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	命令し	めいれいし	meirei shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	命令する	めいれいする	meirei suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	命令する	めいれいする	meirei suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	命令すれ	めいれいすれ	meirei sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	命令せよ¹ 命令しろ²	めいれいせよ¹ めいれいしろ²	meirei seyo¹ meirei shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	命令される	めいれいされる	meirei sareru
Causative	命令させる命令さす	めいれいさせるめいれいさす	meirei saseru meirei sasu
Potential	命令できる	めいれいできる	meirei dekiru
Volitional	命令しよう	めいれいしよう	meirei shiyō
Negative	命令しない	めいれいしない	meirei shinai
Negative continuative	命令せず	めいれいせず	meirei sezu
Formal	命令します	めいれいします	meirei shimasu
Perfective	命令した	めいれいした	meirei shita
Conjunctive	命令して	めいれいして	meirei shite
Hypothetical conditional	命令すれば	めいれいすれば	meirei sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Related terms

* 指(し)令(れい) (shirei, “order, command”)
指(さし)図(ず) (sashizu, “instruction”)

References

2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
命	令

Noun

命令 • (myeongnyeong) (hangeul 명령)

Hanja form^? of 명령 (“order, command”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
命	令

Verb

命令

chữ Hán form of mệnh lệnh (“to command”).

Noun

命令

chữ Hán form of mệnh lệnh (“command; order”).

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