這

這 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜卜一口 (YYMR), four-corner 3030₆, composition ⿺辶言)

• 𥳅 𬰊 𰫲 𰫎 𰧟 𤡖

• KangXi: page 1258, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38889
• Dae Jaweon: page 1743, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3844, character 5
• Unihan data for U+9019

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋrans) : semantic 辶 (“walk”) + phonetic 言 (OC *ŋan).

The character was originally a verb meaning “to meet”, whose modern pronunciation is yàn. It was later borrowed for the proximal demonstrative “this/here”, by a confusion in medieval handwriting with 遮 (zhē, “this”).

First attested in the Tang Dynasty; etymology unclear. Proposed etymologies:

• From 者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) (Lü, 1985). Wang (1990) notes that 者 always occurs after what is referred to, where as 這 always before.

  者 (OC *tjaːʔ, “one which”) > 者 (MC t͡ɕia^X, “this (possessive case)”) > 者 (MC t͡ɕia^X, “this (general demonstrative)”) > Mandarin 這／这 (zhè).

• From 之 (OC *tjɯ, “this; it”) (Wang, 1990). Norman (1988) notes that this derivation would be phonologically problematic.

這

1. this; these

   看這本書。／看这本书。  ―  Kàn zhè běn shū.  ―  Read this book.

   這是一個老故事。／这是一个老故事。  ―  Zhè shì yī ge lǎo gùshì.  ―  This is an old story.

   • 這不是你的書，這是我的書。 [MSC, trad.]
     这不是你的书，这是我的书。 [MSC, simp.]

     Zhè bù shì nǐ de shū, zhè shì wǒ de shū. [Pinyin]

     This is not your book, it's mine.

   • 這個就很好，就買這個吧。 [MSC, trad.]
     这个就很好，就买这个吧。 [MSC, simp.]

     Zhè ge jiù hěn hǎo, jiù mǎi zhè ge ba. [Pinyin]

     This is really good. Buy this one.

2. Synonym of 這樣／这样 (zhèyàng, “like this; such”).

   這可不行！／这可不行！  ―  Zhè kě bùxíng!  ―  This is not okay!

3. at this moment; right away; at once

   我這就去。／我这就去。  ―  Wǒ zhè jiù qù.  ―  I'll go now.

4. here
5. Used before words for insults to add emphasis.

   你這個傻逼／你这个傻逼  ―  nǐ zhège shǎbī  ―  you fucking idiot

6. filler particle usually used when the speaker is tongue-tied.
7. meaningless particle in a sentence.

• 那 (nà, “that, those”)

Original meaning of this character. It is part of the 迎 (OC *ŋaŋ, *ŋraŋs, “to face, to meet”) word family; see there for more.

這

1. ^† to welcome; to greet; to receive

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. crawl, creep, grovel
2. this

From Middle Chinese 這 (MC ŋˠiᴇn^H, “to receive”):

• Go-on: げん (gen)
• Kan-on: げん (gen)
• Kun: むかえる (mukaeru, 這える)^{←むかへる (mukaferu, 這へる, historical)}; はう (hau, 這う)^{←はふ (fafu, 這ふ, historical)}

From Mandarin 這／这 (zhè, “this”):

• Kan’yō-on: しゃ (sha)
• Kun: この (kono, 這); これ (kore, 這)

• 這個(しゃこ), 這箇(しゃこ) (shako)
• 這般(しゃはん) (shahan)
• 這裏(しゃり) (shari)

From Middle Chinese; compare Mandarin 這／这 (zhè).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)]
• Phonetic hangul: [저(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

這 (eumhun 이 저 (i jeo))

1. Hanja form^? of 저 (“this; that”). [affix]

• The original meaning is "this". In certain words, it has been conflated with native Korean 저 (jeo, “that”).

From Middle Chinese 這 (MC ŋˠiᴇn^H).

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ɘ(ː)n]
• Phonetic hangul: [언(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

這 (eumhun 맞을 언 (majeul eon))

1. Hanja form^? of 언 (“to greet”). [only in Chinese]

• Used only in the reading of Classical Chinese; no Korean word appears to use this hanja.

Simplified from 邊 (“edge”), used as hungaja for similarly pronounced ᄀᆞᆺ〯 (kǒs, “edge”).

這 (kàs) (hangeul 갓)

1. Idu script spelling of 갓 (kàs, “kind, variety”)

• Probably only found as reduplicated 這這, Idu spelling of the adverb 갓갓 (kàs-kàs, “of each kind”).

這: Hán Nôm readings: giá, gió

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