新加坡

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (新加坡)		新	加	坡
simp. ^#(新加坡)		新	加	坡

Etymology

Borrowed from English Singapore, from Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) +‎ पुर (pura, “city”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Xīnjiāpō

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣㄐㄧㄚㄆㄛ
Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹ gaa^1-3 bo¹, san¹ gaa^1-3 po¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Sîn-kâ-phô / Sîn-kâ-po

(Meixian, Guangdong): xin¹ ga¹ po¹
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): Sin-ka-pho / Sin-kee-pho / Sin-ka-po

(Teochew, Peng'im): sing¹ gia¹ bo¹
Wu (Wiktionary): ¹xin-ka-phu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Xīnjiāpō
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣㄐㄧㄚㄆㄛ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Sinjiapo
  - Wade–Giles: Hsin¹-chia¹-pʻo¹
  - Yale: Syīn-jyā-pwō
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shinjiapo
  - Palladius: Синьцзяпо (Sinʹczjapo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕjä⁵⁵ pʰwɔ⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    新加坡
    新嘉坡
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: san¹ gaa^1-3 bo¹, san¹ gaa^1-3 po¹
  - Yale: sān ga bō, sān ga pō
  - Cantonese Pinyin: san¹ gaa^1-3 bo¹, san¹ gaa^1-3 po¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sen¹ ga^1-3 bo¹, sen¹ ga^1-3 po¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵⁻³³ pɔː⁵⁵/, /sɐn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵⁻³³ pʰɔː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sîn-kâ-phô / Sîn-kâ-po
  - Hakka Romanization System: xin´ ga´ po´ / xin´ ga´ bo
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xin¹ ga¹ po¹ / xin¹ ga¹ bo⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕin²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰo²⁴/, /ɕin²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xin¹ ga¹ po¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ɕin⁴⁴ ka⁴⁴ pʰo⁴⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-ka-pho
  - Tâi-lô: Sin-ka-pho
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sinkaphoy
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɤ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Singapore): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² pʰo⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰo⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /ɕin³³ ka³³ pʰo³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-kee-pho
  - Tâi-lô: Sin-kee-pho
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² pʰo⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang, Singapore, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-ka-po
  - Tâi-lô: Sin-ka-po
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sinka'poy
  - IPA (Penang): /ɕin³³⁻²¹ ka³³⁻²¹ po³³/
  - IPA (Singapore): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² po⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Philippines): /ɕin³³ ka³³ po³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sing¹ gia¹ bo¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sing kia po
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ³³⁻²³ kia³³⁻²³ po³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ¹xin-ka-phu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕɪɲ⁵⁵ ka̱³³ pʰv̩ʷ²¹/

Proper noun

新加坡

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia); (～共和國) Republic of Singapore
新加坡在1969年廢除了陪審團制度，因此所有刑事案件的被告人均由法官審判。 [MSC, trad.]
新加坡在1969年废除了陪审团制度，因此所有刑事案件的被告人均由法官审判。 [MSC, simp.]
Xīnjiāpō zài 1969 nián fèichú le péishěntuán zhìdù, yīncǐ suǒyǒu xíngshì ànjiàn de bèigàorén jūn yóu fǎguān shěnpàn. [Pinyin]
Singapore abolished its jury system in 1969, so all criminal defendants are tried before judges.

Synonyms

新國／新国 (Xīnguó)
(dated) 新嘉坡 (Xīnjiāpō), 新嘉波 (Xīnjiābō), 星架坡 (Xīngjiàpō), 星架波
(regional, dated) 實叻／实叻, 實叻坡／实叻坡, 石叻 (Shílè), 息力

Dialectal synonyms of 新加坡 (“Singapore”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		新加坡
Mandarin	Taiwan	新加坡
	Malaysia	新加坡, 新國
	Singapore	新加坡, 星洲 nickname, 獅城 nickname, 石叻 dated, 石叻埠 dated, 叻埠 dated
Cantonese	Guangzhou	星加坡, 叻埠
	Hong Kong	新加坡, 星加坡, 星國, 星洲 nickname, 叻埠 dated
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	星加坡
	Penang (Guangfu)	星加坡
	Singapore (Guangfu)	星加坡
Min Nan	Xiamen	新加坡, 石叻 dated
	Quanzhou	新加坡
	Zhangzhou	新加坡
	Penang (Hokkien)	新加坡
	Singapore (Hokkien)	新加坡, 獅城, 石叻 dated
	Manila (Hokkien)	新加坡
	Jieyang	石叻 dated, 叻埠 dated
	Singapore (Teochew)	新加坡
	Singapore (Hainanese)	新加坡
Wu	Shanghai	新加坡

Derived terms

新加坡元 (Xīnjiāpōyuán)

新加坡共和國／新加坡共和国 (Xīnjiāpō Gònghéguó)

References

Duffus, William (1883), “Singapore”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 245

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
新	加	坡

Proper noun

新加坡

chữ Hán form of Tân Gia Ba (“Singapore”).

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