海象

Chinese
ocean; sea
 
shape; form; appearance
shape; form; appearance; elephant; image under a map (math.)
trad. (海象) 海 象
simp. #(海象) 海 象

Pronunciation

Noun

海象

  1. walrus

Derived terms

Japanese

Etymology 1
海象 (seiuchi, kaizō): a walrus.
Kanji in this term
海 象
Grade: 2 Grade: 5
irregular
Alternative spelling
海象 (kyūjitai)

Borrowed from Russian сивуч (sivuč, “Steller sea lion”).[1][2][3][4][5]

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Middle Chinese 海象 (hʌiX zɨɐŋX). See kaizō below.

Pronunciation
  • (Irregular reading)
    • (Tokyo) セーウチ [sèéúchí] (Heiban – [0])[4][5]
    • IPA(key): [se̞ːɯ̟ᵝt͡ɕi]

Noun

海象(セイウチ) • (seiuchi) 

  1. a walrus
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as セイウチ. Not to be confused with 象海豹 (zō azarashi, “elephant seal”).

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
海 象
かい
Grade: 2		 ぞう
Grade: 5
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
海象 (kyūjitai)

/kaizau/ → /kaizɔː/ → /kaizoː/

From Middle Chinese 海象 (xojX zjangX, literally “sea elephant”). Compare Cantonese 海象 (hoi2 zoeng6), Vietnamese hải tượng.

The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

海(かい)象(ぞう) • (kaizō) ←かいざう (kaizau)?

  1. (rare) a walrus
Usage notes

This reading is much less common than seiuchi.

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
海 象
かい
Grade: 2		 しょう
Grade: 5
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
海象 (kyūjitai)

/kaiɕau/ → /kaiɕɔː/ → /kaiɕoː/

From Middle Chinese 海象 (xojX zjangX, literally “sea + phenomenon”). Alternatively, may have been coined in Japan as a compound of Middle Chinese-derived roots.

The kan'on reading, so likely either a later borrowing, or a later innovation in Japan.

Pronunciation

Noun

海(かい)象(しょう) • (kaishō) ←かいしやう (kaisyau)?

  1. a marine phenomenon

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 1998, 広辞苑 (Kōjien), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  4. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
海象

Noun

海象 • (haesang) (hangeul 해상)

  1. Hanja form? of 해상.
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