滔滔

Chinese
overflow; torrent-dash overflow; torrent-dash
simp. and trad.
(滔滔)		 滔 滔

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 滔
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 土刀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰaw/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑu/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 tou1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 滔
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tāo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ thaw ›
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ˁu/
English rushing water

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 滔
Reading # 1/1
No. 14731
Phonetic
component		 舀
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 饕
Old
Chinese		 /*l̥ʰuː/

Adjective

滔滔

  1. (of water) torrential; surging
  2. (of talking) incessant
  3. (literary) grand; magnificent

Derived terms
  • 滔滔不竭
  • 滔滔而至
  • 白浪滔滔
  • 滔滔不斷／滔滔不断

Japanese
Kanji in this term
滔 滔
とう
Hyōgaiji		 とう
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
滔々

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) とーとー [tòótóó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [to̞ːto̞ː]

Adjective

滔(とう)滔(とう) • (tōtō) ←たうたう (tautau)? †-tari (adnominal 滔(とう)滔(とう)たる (tōtō taru), adverbial 滔(とう)滔(とう)と (tōtō to) or 滔(とう)滔(とう)として (tōtō to shite))

  1. torrential (of flowing water)
  2. voluble (of speech)
  3. flowing strongly in one direction (of a matter of the times)

Inflection
Classical conjugation of "滔滔たり" (タリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 滔滔たらたうたうたらtautautara
Continuative (連用形) 滔滔と[1]
滔滔たり[2]		たうたうと
たうたうたり		tautauto
tautautari
Terminal (終止形) 滔滔たりたうたうたりtautautari
Attributive (連体形) 滔滔たるたうたうたるtautautaru
Realis (已然形) 滔滔たれたうたうたれtautautare
Imperative (命令形) 滔滔たれたうたうたれtautautare
Key constructions
Negative 滔滔たらずたうたうたらずtautautarazu
Contrasting conjunction 滔滔たれどたうたうたれどtautautaredo
Causal conjunction 滔滔たればたうたうたればtautautareba
Conditional conjunction 滔滔たらばたうたうたらばtautautaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 滔滔たりきたうたうたりきtautautariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 滔滔たりけりたうたうたりけりtautautarikeri
Adverbial 滔滔とたうたうとtautauto
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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