狂簡

Chinese

		conceited; mad	simple
trad. (狂簡)		狂	簡
simp. (狂简)		狂	简

Etymology

子在陳，曰：「歸與！歸與！吾黨之小子狂簡，斐然成章，不知所以裁之！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

子在陈，曰：“归与！归与！吾党之小子狂简，斐然成章，不知所以裁之！” [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Zǐ zài Chén, yuē: “Guī yú! Guī yú! Wúdǎng zhī xiǎozǐ kuángjiǎn, fěirán chéngzhāng, bùzhī suǒyǐ cáizhī!” [Pinyin]

When the Master was in Chen, he said, "Let me return! Let me return! The little children of my school are ambitious and too hasty. They are accomplished and complete so far, but they do not know how to restrict and shape themselves."

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuángjiǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄢˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kuángjiǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄢˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwangjean
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuángjiǎn
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰwɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕjɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Middle Chinese: /ɡʉɐŋ kˠɛn^X/

Rime
Character	狂	簡
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	山 (73)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	巨王切	古限切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡʉɐŋ/	/kˠɛn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷiɐŋ/	/kᵚæn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuɑŋ/	/kæn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/guaŋ/	/kəɨn^X/
Li Rong	/ɡiuaŋ/	/kɛn^X/
Wang Li	/ɡĭwaŋ/	/kæn^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/giwaŋ/	/kăn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuáng	jiǎn

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ kˤre[n]ʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷaŋ kreːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	狂	簡	簡
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuáng	jiǎn	jiǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ gjwang ›	‹ kɛn^X ›	‹ kɛn^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[k-ɢʷ]aŋ/	/*kˁre[n]ʔ/	/*kˁre[n]ʔ/
English	mad, reckless	bamboo slip for writing	select, large-minded, etc.
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狂	簡
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	12732	6227
Phonetic component	王	閒
Rime group	陽	元
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	狂	簡
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷaŋ/	/*kreːnʔ/

Adjective

狂簡

(literary, obsolete) ambitious but uncultivated; highly motivated but lacking discernment

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