規矩

See also: 规矩

Chinese

		compass; rule	carpenter's square; rule
trad. (規矩)		規	矩
simp. (规矩)		规	矩

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): guījǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟㄐㄩˇ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гуйҗү (guyžü, I-II)
Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai¹ geoi²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kûi-kí
Jin (Wiktionary): gui¹ jy³
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kui-kír / kui-kú / kui-kí

(Teochew, Peng'im): gui¹ ge²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guījǔ → guīju (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟㄐㄩˇ → ㄍㄨㄟ ˙ㄐㄩ (toneless final syllable variant)
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gueijyů
  - Wade–Giles: kuei¹-chü⁵
  - Yale: gwēi-jyu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei.jeu
  - Palladius: гуйцзюй (gujczjuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kweɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ → /kweɪ̯⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥y²/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гуйҗү (guyžü, I-II)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuei²⁴ t͡ɕy⁵¹/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: kwai¹ geoi²
  - Yale: kwāi géui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kwai¹ goey²
  - Guangdong Romanization: kuei¹ gêu²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵ kɵy̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi-kí
  - Hakka Romanization System: gui´ gi`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gui¹ gi³
  - Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴ ki³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: gui¹ jy³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuei¹¹ t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-kír
  - Tâi-lô: kui-kír
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kui³³ kɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-kú
  - Tâi-lô: kui-kú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kui'kuo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kui⁴⁴⁻²² ku⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kui⁴⁴⁻³³ ku⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-kí
  - Tâi-lô: kui-kí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kui'kie
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui⁴⁴⁻²² ki⁵³/
  - IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /kui³³ ki⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui⁴⁴⁻³³ ki⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gui¹ ge²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kui kṳ́
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kui³³⁻²³ kɯ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: /kiuᴇ kɨo^X/

Rime
Character	規	矩
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	支 (12)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居隋切	俱雨切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kiuᴇ/	/kɨo^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷiɛ/	/kio^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kjuɛ/	/kio^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwiə̆/	/kuə̆^X/
Li Rong	/kiue/	/kio^X/
Wang Li	/kǐwe/	/kĭu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwie̯/	/ki̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guī	jǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai¹	geoi²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷe [k]ʷ(r)aʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kʷel kʷaʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	規	矩
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guī	jǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ kjwie ›	‹ kju^X ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷe/	/*[k]ʷ(r)aʔ/
English	compass, circle	carpenter"s square
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	規	矩
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4604	7059
Phonetic component	規	巨
Rime group	歌	魚
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	𩓸	矩
Old Chinese	/*kʷel/	/*kʷaʔ/
Notes	小徐見聲，與圜同源；古亦同窺，夫或癸省文

Noun

規矩

(literally, Classical Chinese) compass and set square
(figurative) rule; custom; established practice
(figurative) social etiquette; manners; formality
你家裡人有沒有教過你什麼是規矩啊。 [MSC, trad.]
你家里人有没有教过你什么是规矩啊。 [MSC, simp.]
Nǐ jiālǐrén yǒu méi yǒu jiāo guò nǐ shénme shì guījǔ a. [Pinyin]
Didn't your family teach you any manners?

Synonyms

(rule):

edit

Synonyms of 規矩

例 (lì) (literary, or in compounds)
方案 (fāng'àn)
法度 (fǎdù)
程度 (chéngdù) (archaic)
則度／则度 (zédù) (literary)
守則／守则 (shǒuzé)
條例／条例 (tiáolì)
條規／条规 (tiáoguī)

紀綱／纪纲 (jìgāng) (literary)
綱目／纲目 (gāngmù) (Classical Chinese)
繩墨／绳墨 (shéngmò) (figurative)
規／规 (guī) (literary, or in compounds)
規則／规则 (guīzé)
規定／规定 (guīdìng)
規條／规条 (guītiáo)
規準／规准 (guīzhǔn) (literary)

(social etiquette):

edit

Synonyms of 規矩

下數／下数 (Hakka)
儀禮／仪礼 (yílǐ)
形跡／形迹 (xíngjì)
禮制／礼制 (lǐzhì)
禮數／礼数 (lǐshù)
禮法／礼法 (lǐfǎ)

禮節／礼节 (lǐjié)
禮貌／礼貌 (lǐmào)
禮路／礼路 (Min Nan)
體統／体统 (tǐtǒng)
體面／体面 (tǐmiàn)

Adjective

規矩

conforming to standards
well-behaved

Synonyms

(well-behaved): 禮貌／礼貌 (lǐmào), 體面／体面 (tǐmiàn)

Adverb

規矩

according to practice, precedent or convention

Verb

規矩

(literary) to imitate; to simulate; to mock
to discipline; to train; to cultivate

Synonyms

(to imitate):

edit

仿效 (fǎngxiào)
仿照 (fǎngzhào)
效仿 (xiàofǎng)
模仿 (mófǎng)

擬／拟 (nǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
模擬／模拟 (mónǐ)
臨摹／临摹 (línmó) (a model of calligraphy, painting, etc.)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (規矩):

→ Japanese: 規矩(きく) (kiku)
→ Korean: 규구(規矩) (gyugu)
→ Vietnamese: quy củ (規矩)

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