訓読み

Japanese

Kanji in this term
くん
Grade: 4

Grade: 2
jūbakoyomi
Alternative spellings
訓讀み (kyūjitai)
訓読

Etymology

Compound of (kun, meaning) + 読み (yomi, reading). Originally referred to the meanings of Chinese words as expressed in native Japanese words or 大和(やまと)(こと)() (Yamato kotoba), as opposed to the sounds (i.e. pronunciations) to use when reading Chinese text (called 音読み (on'yomi) or 音読 (ondoku), literally “sound reading”).[1][2]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) んよみ [kùn'yómí] (Heiban – [0])[2][3][4]
  • IPA(key): [kɯ̟̃ᵝɰ̃jo̞mʲi]
  • (file)

Noun

(くん)() (kun'yomi) 

  1. (linguistics) kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese

Usage notes

  • See kun'yomi in Appendix:Japanese glossary for more details.

Coordinate terms

Based on native Japanese vocabulary:

  • 名乗(なの) (nanori) (used for the readings of names: given names and sometimes place names)

Based on Chinese-derived pronunciations:

Verb

(くん)()する (kun'yomi suru) suru (stem (くん)() (kun'yomi shi), past (くん)()した (kun'yomi shita))

  1. to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word

Conjugation

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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