-tar
Basque
Derived terms
Basque terms suffixed with -tar
Estonian
Suffix
Declension
Inflection of -tar (ÕS type 19/seminar, no gradation)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -tar | -tarid |
| accusative | -tari | -tarid |
| genitive | -tari | -taride |
| partitive | -tari | -tare -tarisid |
| illative | -tari -tarisse |
-taridesse -taresse |
| inessive | -taris | -tarides -tares |
| elative | -tarist | -taridest -tarest |
| allative | -tarile | -taridele -tarele |
| adessive | -taril | -taridel -tarel |
| ablative | -tarilt | -taridelt -tarelt |
| translative | -tariks | -tarideks -tareks |
| terminative | -tarini | -tarideni |
| essive | -tarina | -taridena |
| abessive | -tarita | -tarideta |
| comitative | -tariga | -taridega |
Synonyms
- -nna (in some cases)
Derived terms
Estonian terms suffixed with -tar
Finnish
Etymology
Clipped from tytär (“daughter”) and then adapted to vowel harmony.[1][2]
Suffix
-tar (front vowel harmony variant -tär)
- Forms the female counterpart of nouns indicating a person.
- kuningas (“king”) + -tar → kuningatar (“queen”)
- näyttelijä (“actor”) + -tar → näyttelijätär (“actress”)
- Saksa (“Germany”) + -tar → saksatar (“a German female”)
Usage notes
- This is a nominal suffix, i.e. attached to nouns.
- The suffix is appended to the weak stem.
- With words ending in -lainen, -tar is appended to the stem not including -lainen.
- Nowadays it's uncommon and old fashioned to use the female forms of professions.
- Historically surnames ending in -nen had female forms, e.g. if a man had Leinonen as his surname, his wife would have been Leinotar instead. [3]
Declension
| Inflection of -tar (Kotus type 32*C/sisar, tt-t gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -tar | -ttaret | ||
| genitive | -ttaren | -ttarien -tarten | ||
| partitive | -tarta | -ttaria | ||
| illative | -ttareen | -ttariin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | -tar | -ttaret | ||
| accusative | nom. | -tar | -ttaret | |
| gen. | -ttaren | |||
| genitive | -ttaren | -ttarien -tarten | ||
| partitive | -tarta | -ttaria | ||
| inessive | -ttaressa | -ttarissa | ||
| elative | -ttaresta | -ttarista | ||
| illative | -ttareen | -ttariin | ||
| adessive | -ttarella | -ttarilla | ||
| ablative | -ttarelta | -ttarilta | ||
| allative | -ttarelle | -ttarille | ||
| essive | -ttarena | -ttarina | ||
| translative | -ttareksi | -ttariksi | ||
| instructive | — | -ttarin | ||
| abessive | -ttaretta | -ttaritta | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of -tar (type sisar) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -tar
Related terms
- -tär (front vowel variant)
References
- Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.
- Hakulinen, Auli et al. (2004). Iso suomen kielioppi. Helsinki: SKS. →ISBN.
- https://kaino.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=192
Greenlandic
Suffix
-tar (v-v?, additive?, VTV → VsV?)
- Signifies habitual behaviour.
- atuarpoq (“attends school (once)”) -> atuartarpoq (“attends school (is a student)”)
Usage notes
Was formerly sometimes truncative.
Derived terms
Greenlandic terms suffixed with -tar
References
- Vestgrønlands Grammatik, p. 124, F.A.J. Nielsen, 2014
- -tar in Katersat
- Vestgrønlands Grammatik, p. 75, F.A.J. Nielsen, 2014
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