Jiangnan

• Chiang-nan, Kiangnan, Kiang-nan

From Hanyu Pinyin Jiāngnán, from the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 江南 (Jiāngnán, “[Place] South of the [Yangtze] River”), from Classical Chinese use of 江 (jiāng) as a proper name for the Yangtze.

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɑŋ.nɑn/

Jiangnan

1. A roughly defined area of China always including the lands south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze in Shanghai, southern Jiangsu, and northern Zhejiang, sometimes inclusive of its cultural sphere north of the river and sometimes extending south as far as Guangdong.
   • [1976, Fong, Wen, “Introduction: Mountains and Rivers Remain”, in Returning Home: Tao-chi's Album of Landscapes and Flowers‎, New York: George Braziller, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 16:

     They traveled northeast along the Hsiang River, on foot and by boat, then turned east from northern Hunan into Kiangsi and Anhwei, reaching the heart of the Chiangnan region (south of the Yangtze River). For the next ten years they journeyed all over Chiangnan, stopping at the famous religious shrines and scenic sites.]

   • 1997, Wong, R. Bin, “Confucian Agendas for Material and Ideological Control in Modern China”, in Culture & State in Chinese History: Conventions, Accommodations, and Critiques‎, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 320:

     Jiangnan elites were those least affected by the bureaucratic changes of the eighteenth century; the shared agenda of local order was met by elites in Jiangnan with little official intervention, even in the eighteenth century. When the eighteenth-century system fell apart, a Jiangnan style of social order in which elites, sometimes with local official involvement, created local institutions without vertically integrated bureaucratic oversight appears to have become more common.

2. (historical) A province of Qing-era China, now divided into Jiangsu and Anhui.
   • [1972, “Conditions of Rice Culture: Labor Requirements and Land Tenure”, in Agricultural Change and the Peasant Economy of South China‎, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 13:

     The reason Hunan’s rich soils did not produce rice yields to match those of the “barren” lands of Fukien and Chekiang was because manpower was scarce in Hunan. Rice could not be grown with the same care found in the two densely populated Chiangnan provinces.]

• Nanjing (informal), Nanzhili (imprecise)

• Gangnam