< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷey-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʷey- (perfective)[1][2][3]

  1. to win, to conquer
  2. force

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷey-
  • *gʷéyt ~ *gʷyént (perfective)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
        • Sanskrit: जेष् (jéṣ), जितम् (jitám, 2d.ipv.)
  • *gʷéy-eti ~ *gʷéy-onti (thematic present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰáyati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áyati
      • Proto-Iranian: *ǰayati
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬌‎ (jaiiāi, pres.med.subj.1.sg.)
  • *gʷe-gʷóy-e ~ *gʷe-gʷy-ḗr (stative)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰigā́ya
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́igā́ya
        • Sanskrit: जिगाय (jigā́ya)
  • *gʷéy-onts (present participle)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰáyants
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áyants
      • Proto-Iranian: *ǰáyanth
        • Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬧𐬙‎ (jaiiaṇt)
  • *gʷi-tós (perfect passive participle)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰitás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́itás
        • Sanskrit: जित (jitá) (see there for further descendants)
  • *gʷey-ós
    • Proto-Hellenic: *gʷiā
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰáyas
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́áyas
        • Sanskrit: जय (jayá, “conquering, winning”) (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “gʷei̯ə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 469
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*gʷei̯-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 206
  3. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “βίᾱ”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 213
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