< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žętva
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *žęti (“to reap, mow”) + *-tva. Compare Sanskrit हन्त्व (hántva, “to be killed or slain”).
Inflection
Declension of *žę̀tva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *žę̀tva | *žę̀tvě | *žę̀tvy |
| Accusative | *žę̀tvǫ | *žę̀tvě | *žę̀tvy |
| Genitive | *žę̀tvy | *žę̀tvu | *žę̀tvъ |
| Locative | *žę̀tvě | *žę̀tvu | *žę̀tvasъ, *žę̀tvaxъ* |
| Dative | *žę̀tvě | *žę̀tvama | *žę̀tvamъ |
| Instrumental | *žę̀tvojǫ, *žę̀tvǭ** | *žę̀tvama | *žę̀tvamī |
| Vocative | *žę̀tvo | *žę̀tvě | *žę̀tvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: žatva (literary)
- Slovak: žatva
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: žetwa
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 561
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жатва”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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