< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bľьvati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Perhaps from merging of:
- Per Vasmer, Snoj: From *bľuti (“to surge, to gush”) + *-ati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-. Cognate with Lithuanian bliáuti (“to bleat, to weep”), Latvian bļaût (“to bleat”) and further akin to Ancient Greek φλύω (phlúō, “to boil over”), Latin fluō (“flow”). Related terms such as *blyjati, *blyvati can only descend from this source.
- Per Trubačev (ESSJa): Specifically for the expressive meaning “to vomit, to puke”, possibly from an earlier *bjьvati, analogous to Proto-Slavic *pľьvati (“to spit”) < *pjьvati. Descendants without epenthetic *-ľ- are attested in dial. Bulgarian бю́вам (bjúvam).
Inflection
Conjugation of *bľьvati, *bľьva, *bľujetь (impf., -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *bľьvanьje | *bľьvati | *bľьvatъ | *bľьvalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *bľьvanъ | *bľujemъ |
| Active | *bľьvavъ | *bľuję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *bľьvaxъ | *bľьva | *bľьva | *bľujǫ | *bľuješi | *bľujetь |
| Dual | *bľьvaxově | *bľьvasta | *bľьvaste | *bľujevě | *bľujeta | *bľujete |
| Plural | *bľьvaxomъ | *bľьvaste | *bľьvašę | *bľujemъ | *bľujete | *bľujǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *bľьvaaxъ | *bľьvaaše | *bľьvaaše | — | *bľuji | *bľuji |
| Dual | *bľьvaaxově | *bľьvaašeta | *bľьvaašete | *bľujivě | *bľujita | — |
| Plural | *bľьvaaxomъ | *bľьvaašete | *bľьvaaxǫ | *bľujimъ | *bľujite | — |
Reanalysed at a later stage among some languages as:
Conjugation of *bľьvati, *bľьva, *bľьvajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *bľьvanьje | *bľьvati | *bľьvatъ | *bľьvalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *bľьvanъ | *bľьvajemъ |
| Active | *bľьvavъ | *bľьvaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *bľьvaxъ | *bľьva | *bľьva | *bľьvajǫ | *bľьvaješi | *bľьvajetь |
| Dual | *bľьvaxově | *bľьvasta | *bľьvaste | *bľьvajevě | *bľьvajeta | *bľьvajete |
| Plural | *bľьvaxomъ | *bľьvaste | *bľьvašę | *bľьvajemъ | *bľьvajete | *bľьvajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *bľьvaaxъ | *bľьvaaše | *bľьvaaše | — | *bľьvaji | *bľьvaji |
| Dual | *bľьvaaxově | *bľьvaašeta | *bľьvaašete | *bľьvajivě | *bľьvajita | — |
| Plural | *bľьvaaxomъ | *bľьvaašete | *bľьvaaxǫ | *bľьvajimъ | *bľьvajite | — |
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bļьvàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 46: “v. ‘vomit’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “bljujǫ bljьvati”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 204, 207, 236; PR 133)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “bljavati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *bl'ьva̋ti, sed. *bl'ȗjǫ”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “блева́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bľьvati, *bľujǫ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 140
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “бълвам, блъвна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 98
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