< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grajati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grāˀ-. Cognate with Lithuanian gróti (“to caw, to croak, to howl, to roar, to scold”) (1sg. gróju; also grióti, 1sg. grióju), Old High German krāen (“to crow”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *grajati, *graja, *grajetь (impf., intr., -ja/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *grajanьje | *grajati | *grajatъ | *grajalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | — | — |
| Active | *grajavъ | *graję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *grajaxъ | *graja | *graja | *grajǫ | *graješi | *grajetь |
| Dual | *grajaxově | *grajasta | *grajaste | *grajevě | *grajeta | *grajete |
| Plural | *grajaxomъ | *grajaste | *grajašę | *grajemъ | *grajete | *grajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *grajaaxъ | *grajaaše | *grajaaše | — | *graji | *graji |
| Dual | *grajaaxově | *grajaašeta | *grajaašete | *grajivě | *grajita | — |
| Plural | *grajaaxomъ | *grajaašete | *grajaaxǫ | *grajimъ | *grajite | — |
Descendants
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grajati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 101
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гра́ять”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grajati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 185: “v. ‘caw, croak’”
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