< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kúrnas or *kúrˀnas, cognate with Latvian kur̃ns (“deaf”). Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”) + *-nъ, but in view of Sanskrit कीर्ण (kīrṇa, “injured, hurt”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (karəna, “deaf”), origin from *(s)kerH- (“to crop, to injure”)[1] has been proposed instead.
Adjective
*kъ̑rnъ[1]
Declension
Indefinite declension of *kъrnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kъrnъ | *kъrna | *kъrno |
| Accusative | *kъrnъ | *kъrnǫ | *kъrno |
| Genitive | *kъrna | *kъrny | *kъrna |
| Locative | *kъrně | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| Dative | *kъrnu | *kъrně | *kъrnu |
| Instrumental | *kъrnomь | *kъrnojǫ | *kъrnomь |
| Vocative | *kъrne | *kъrno | *kъrno |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kъrna | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| Accusative | *kъrna | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| Genitive | *kъrnu | *kъrnu | *kъrnu |
| Locative | *kъrnu | *kъrnu | *kъrnu |
| Dative | *kъrnoma | *kъrnama | *kъrnoma |
| Instrumental | *kъrnoma | *kъrnama | *kъrnoma |
| Vocative | *kъrna | *kъrně | *kъrně |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kъrni | *kъrny | *kъrna |
| Accusative | *kъrny | *kъrny | *kъrna |
| Genitive | *kъrnъ | *kъrnъ | *kъrnъ |
| Locative | *kъrněxъ | *kъrnaxъ | *kъrněxъ |
| Dative | *kъrnomъ | *kъrnamъ | *kъrnomъ |
| Instrumental | *kъrny | *kъrnami | *kъrny |
| Vocative | *kъrni | *kъrny | *kъrna |
Definite declension of *kъrnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kъrnъjь | *kъrnaja | *kъrnoje |
| Accusative | *kъrnъjь | *kъrnǫjǫ | *kъrnoje |
| Genitive | *kъrnajego | *kъrnyję | *kъrnajego |
| Locative | *kъrnějemь | *kъrněji | *kъrnějemь |
| Dative | *kъrnujemu | *kъrněji | *kъrnujemu |
| Instrumental | *kъrnyjimi | *kъrnǫjǫ | *kъrnyjimi |
| Vocative | *kъrnъjь | *kъrnaja | *kъrnoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kъrnaja | *kъrněji | *kъrněji |
| Accusative | *kъrnaja | *kъrněji | *kъrněji |
| Genitive | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju |
| Locative | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju | *kъrnuju |
| Dative | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima |
| Instrumental | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima | *kъrnyjima |
| Vocative | *kъrnaja | *kъrněji | *kъrněji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kъrniji | *kъrnyję | *kъrnaja |
| Accusative | *kъrnyję | *kъrnyję | *kъrnaja |
| Genitive | *kъrnъjixъ | *kъrnъjixъ | *kъrnъjixъ |
| Locative | *kъrnyjixъ | *kъrnyjixъ | *kъrnyjixъ |
| Dative | *kъrnyjimъ | *kъrnyjimъ | *kъrnyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *kъrnyjimi | *kъrnyjimi | *kъrnyjimi |
| Vocative | *kъrniji | *kъrnyję | *kъrnaja |
Derived terms
- *kъrněti, *kъrniti (“to chip, to truncate; to impair”)
- *kъrnati (“to crop”)
- *kъrnakъ, *kъrnьda (“impaired person or animal”)
- *kъrnę (“male pig”)
- *kъrnatъ, *kъrnavъ (“physically impaired”)
Related terms
- *kъrľь (“tick”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: kърнꙑи (kŭrnyj)
- Russian: ко́рный (kórnyj), корно́й (kornój)
- Ukrainian: ко́рний (kórnyj) (dialectal)
- Old East Slavic: kърнꙑи (kŭrnyj)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Polish: kierny (dialectal)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ко́рный”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kъrnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 236
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1986), “крън нар., кърн диал.”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 47
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “krn”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *kъ̑rnъ”
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