Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kortъ

Substantivized neuter[1] of Proto-Balto-Slavic *kártas (“localized, concise”) (attested in adjectival form as a part of compounds), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Cognate with Lithuanian kar̃tas (“time, occurrence”) (plural kartaĩ), kartà (“layer, row”) (acc. kar̃tą), Latvian kā̀rtа (“layer, row”) and further related to Sanskrit सकृत् (sakṛ́t, “once”), कृत्वस् pl (kṛ́tvas, “times, occurrences”), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬝‎ (hakər^ət̰, “once”).

*kõrtъ m[2][3][4]

1. moment of time, occurence

   Synonym: *razъ

2. (as a part of adverbs) instance

   *kratě ― once

   *dъva, *tri *kraty ― twice, thrice

   *mъnogo *kraty ― multiple times

• *kortьnъ (“discrete”)
• *edьnokortьnъ (“one-time”)

• *kortiti (“to cut short”)
  • *kortežь (“shortage”)
• *kortostь (“brevity”)
• *kortъkъ (“short, brief”)

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: кратъ (kratŭ)
    • → Russian: крат (krat)
  • Bulgarian: крат (krat, “unit of measure”) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: -крат

    Latin: -krat

  • Slovene: kràt (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: krát
  • Polish: -kroć
  • Slovak: krát
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: -krot
    • Upper Sorbian: -kroć

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кра́та”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kortъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 99
• Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “крат”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 721