< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kosъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Per Derksen, probably from an earlier *kopsъ, related to Ancient Greek κόψιχος (kópsikhos), κόσσυφος (kóssuphos), although the variation in the Greek forms suggests a pre-Greek substratum word.
Declension
Declension of *kȍsъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Derived terms
- *Kosovo (“Kosovo (region in the Balkans)”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: кос (kos) (archaic, dialectal)
- Ukrainian: кіс (kis) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кос”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kosъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 175
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “кос¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 652
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kȏsъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 239: “m. o (c) ‘blackbird’”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kọ̑s²”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*kȍsъ”
Etymology 2
Continues Proto-Indo-European *kosós (possibly Proto-Indo-European *kosús, based on the doublet *kosvenъ), from Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to scratch”) or depalatalized Proto-Indo-European *ḱes- (“to castrate, to prune”).
Declension
Indefinite declension of *kosъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kosъ | *kosa | *koso |
| Accusative | *kosъ | *kosǫ | *koso |
| Genitive | *kosa | *kosy | *kosa |
| Locative | *kosě | *kosě | *kosě |
| Dative | *kosu | *kosě | *kosu |
| Instrumental | *kosomь | *kosojǫ | *kosomь |
| Vocative | *kose | *koso | *koso |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kosa | *kosě | *kosě |
| Accusative | *kosa | *kosě | *kosě |
| Genitive | *kosu | *kosu | *kosu |
| Locative | *kosu | *kosu | *kosu |
| Dative | *kosoma | *kosama | *kosoma |
| Instrumental | *kosoma | *kosama | *kosoma |
| Vocative | *kosa | *kosě | *kosě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kosi | *kosy | *kosa |
| Accusative | *kosy | *kosy | *kosa |
| Genitive | *kosъ | *kosъ | *kosъ |
| Locative | *kosěxъ | *kosaxъ | *kosěxъ |
| Dative | *kosomъ | *kosamъ | *kosomъ |
| Instrumental | *kosy | *kosami | *kosy |
| Vocative | *kosi | *kosy | *kosa |
Definite declension of *kosъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kosъjь | *kosaja | *kosoje |
| Accusative | *kosъjь | *kosǫjǫ | *kosoje |
| Genitive | *kosajego | *kosyję | *kosajego |
| Locative | *kosějemь | *kosěji | *kosějemь |
| Dative | *kosujemu | *kosěji | *kosujemu |
| Instrumental | *kosyjimi | *kosǫjǫ | *kosyjimi |
| Vocative | *kosъjь | *kosaja | *kosoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kosaja | *kosěji | *kosěji |
| Accusative | *kosaja | *kosěji | *kosěji |
| Genitive | *kosuju | *kosuju | *kosuju |
| Locative | *kosuju | *kosuju | *kosuju |
| Dative | *kosyjima | *kosyjima | *kosyjima |
| Instrumental | *kosyjima | *kosyjima | *kosyjima |
| Vocative | *kosaja | *kosěji | *kosěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kosiji | *kosyję | *kosaja |
| Accusative | *kosyję | *kosyję | *kosaja |
| Genitive | *kosъjixъ | *kosъjixъ | *kosъjixъ |
| Locative | *kosyjixъ | *kosyjixъ | *kosyjixъ |
| Dative | *kosyjimъ | *kosyjimъ | *kosyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *kosyjimi | *kosyjimi | *kosyjimi |
| Vocative | *kosiji | *kosyję | *kosaja |
Related terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “косо́й”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kosъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 177
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “кос²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 652
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “kosъ kosa koso”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c skæv (PR 138)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kọ̑s³”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*kȍsъ”
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