< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/rota
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- From earlier *vrota, from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁-.
- Cognate with Sanskrit व्रत (vratám), Avestan 𐬎𐬭𐬬𐬁𐬙𐬀 (urvāta), Ancient Greek ῥήτρᾱ (rhḗtrā), βρά̄τρᾱ (brá̄trā), ῥητός (rhētós), ῥῆμα (rhêma). Also Lithuanian var̃das, Latin verbum, Proto-Germanic *wurdą.
- Or from earlier *rokta, from *reťi + *-ta.
Inflection
Declension of *rota (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *rota | *rotě | *roty |
| Accusative | *rotǫ | *rotě | *roty |
| Genitive | *roty | *rotu | *rotъ |
| Locative | *rotě | *rotu | *rotasъ, *rotaxъ* |
| Dative | *rotě | *rotama | *rotamъ |
| Instrumental | *rotojǫ, *rotǫ** | *rotama | *rotami |
| Vocative | *roto | *rotě | *roty |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *rotiti
Descendants
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “рота”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912), “рота”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 176
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