< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sěťi
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sektei, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”), with unexplained -ě-. Cognate with Latin secō (“to cut, to mow”). Explanations for the -ě- vary:
- Rix (LIV) reconstructs an acrodynamic (Narten) present *sēk-. (In the Leiden school view of Derksen and Kortlandt, this would not yield the required acute vowel.)
- Kortlandt asserts that the vowel of *sěkti was lengthened to disambiguate the verb from the root preserved in Lithuanian sèkti (“to watch, to follow”), Proto-Slavic *sočiti (“to pursue, to indicate”) < Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-.
- Derksen notes that the short root vowel is preserved in секыра (sekyra, “axe”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *sěťi, *sěče, *sěčetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *sěčenьje | *sěťi | *sěťь | *sěklъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *sěčenъ | *sěkomъ |
| Active | *sěkъ | *sěky |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sěk(ox)ъ | *sěče | *sěče | *sěkǫ | *sěčeši | *sěčetь |
| Dual | *sěk(ox)ově | *sěk(e/os)ta | *sěk(e/os)te | *sěčevě | *sěčeta | *sěčete |
| Plural | *sěk(ox)omъ | *sěk(e/os)te | *sěkǫ, *sěkošę | *sěčemъ | *sěčete | *sěkǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sěčaaxъ | *sěčaaše | *sěčaaše | — | *sěci | *sěci |
| Dual | *sěčaaxově | *sěčaašeta | *sěčaašete | *sěcěvě | *sěcěta | — |
| Plural | *sěčaaxomъ | *sěčaašete | *sěčaaxǫ | *sěcěmъ | *sěcěte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *sěkeste ⇒ *sěčeste, ...
Derived terms
Related terms
- *sekyra (“axe”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сѣчи (sěči)
- Belarusian: сячы́ (sjačý)
- Russian: се́чь (séčʹ)
- Ukrainian: сі́кти (síkty)
- Old East Slavic: сѣчи (sěči)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “секу”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “сечь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 159
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sěkti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 446: “v. (c) ‘cut, mow’”
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