< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫditi
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Accentological notes
According to the Moscow Accentological School, the length of the vowel in the infinitive was restored from the present. The old condition is reflected in the Slovincian, for example: inf. są̃ʒĕc (short), pres. sȯ́ų̯ʒïš (long) vs. Czech inf. soudit (long), pres. soudíš (long). A Slovincian material is confirmed by the stress of an Middle Bulgarian monuments: inf. сѫди́ти, pres. сѫ́диши.
Rick Derksen, on the contrary, reconstructs a length of a vowel.
Inflection
Conjugation of *sǫditi, *sǫdi, *sǫditь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *sǫďenьje | *sǫditi | *sǫditъ | *sǫdilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *sǫďenъ | *sǫdimъ |
| Active | *sǫďь | *sǫdę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sǫdixъ | *sǫdi | *sǫdi | *sǫďǫ | *sǫdiši | *sǫditь |
| Dual | *sǫdixově | *sǫdista | *sǫdiste | *sǫdivě | *sǫdita | *sǫdite |
| Plural | *sǫdixomъ | *sǫdiste | *sǫdišę | *sǫdimъ | *sǫdite | *sǫdętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *sǫďaaxъ | *sǫďaaše | *sǫďaaše | — | *sǫdi | *sǫdi |
| Dual | *sǫďaaxově | *sǫďaašeta | *sǫďaašete | *sǫdivě | *sǫdita | — |
| Plural | *sǫďaaxomъ | *sǫďaašete | *sǫďaaxǫ | *sǫdimъ | *sǫdite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*sǫdivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “суди́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993), “суд”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 216
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463
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