< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/svinьja
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably from early *svīnī f, from an adjectival form *svinъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *swīˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *suH-iHnos, from *suH- (“pig, hog, swine”) + *-iHnos.
Baltic cognates include Old Prussian swintian. Further cognates with Latvian sivēns, Latin suīnus (“swine; porcine”), Proto-Germanic *swīną (“pig, swine”) (from which comes Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌽 (swein), Old High German swīn, English swine, Old Norse svín).
Declension
Declension of *svinьjà (soft a-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *svinьjà | *svȋnьji | *svȋnьję̇ |
| Accusative | *svȋnьjǫ | *svȋnьji | *svȋnьję̇ |
| Genitive | *svinьję̇́ | *svinьjù | *svinь̀jь |
| Locative | *svȋnьjī | *svinьjù | *svinьjàsъ, *svinьjàxъ* |
| Dative | *svinьjì | *svinьjàma | *svinьjàmъ |
| Instrumental | *svinьjejǫ́ | *svinьjàma | *svinьjàmi |
| Vocative | *svinьje | *svȋnьji | *svȋnьję̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “свинья́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “свіння́”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “свиня́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 191
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*svinьjà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 477: “f. iā (c) ‘pig, swine’”
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