< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/terti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *térˀtei / *tírˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub”). Cognates with Lithuanian tìrti (“to investigate”), trìnti (“to rub”) and Latvian trĩt (“to sharpen”).

Verb

*tèrti impf[1][2]

  1. to rub, to scrape
  2. to polish

Inflection
Conjugation of *terti, *ter, *tьretь (impf., -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*tьrtьje *terti *tertъ *tьrlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *tьrtъ *tьromъ
Active *tьrъ *tьry
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *terxъ*ter*ter *tьrǫ*tьreši*tьretь
Dual *terxově*tersta*terste *tьrevě*tьreta*tьrete
Plural *terxomъ*terste*teršę *tьremъ*tьrete*tьrǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *tьrěaxъ*tьrěaše*tьrěaše —*tьri*tьri
Dual *tьrěaxově*tьrěašeta*tьrěašete *tьrěvě*tьrěta—
Plural *tьrěaxomъ*tьrěašete*tьrěaxǫ *tьrěmъ*tьrěte—
    Notes:
  • (*)*tьrenъ is doublet of past passive participle

Alternative forms
  • *tьrti[3] (in Serbo-Croatian, Ukrainian, Belarussian)
  • *tirati (iterative-intensive form)

Derived terms
  • *tьrlo, *tirlo (“spawning ground”)
  • *těrati (“to seek, to chase”)
  • *tryti (“to rub”), *tъrkati (“to throb, to prod; to rub”)
  • *torъ (“paddock, rut”)
    • *toriti (“to tread, to make way”)
  • *tьrnъ (“thorn”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic:
      • Belarusian: це́рці (cjérci)
      • Russian: тере́ть (terétʹ)
      • Ukrainian: те́рти (térty)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: трѣти (trěti)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: тр̏ти
      Latin script: tȑti
      • Chakavian (Vrgada): tȑti
      • Chakavian (Orbanići): tȑt
    • Slovene: trẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*tèrti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 491: “v. ‘rub’”
  2. Snoj, Marko (2016), “trẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*te̋rti, sed. *tьrǫ̋”
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001), “tьrti: tьr[jǫ tьr[j]etь]”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b ? (SA 203, 212f., 248f.; PR 136)”
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