< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kač-
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Conjugation
Conjugation of *kač- (Common Turkic)
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| verbal noun (infinitive) | *kačma(k) | |||||||
| verbal adjective | *kačgan (or kačtuk) | |||||||
| way of doing | *kačïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | present | *kačurban (or kačurman) | *kačursaŋ | *kačur | *kačuruk (kačurbuz or kačurmuz) | *kačursuŋuz | *kačurlar | |
| past | seen or clear | *kačtïm | *kačtïŋ | *kačtï | *kačtïk (or kačtïmïz) | *kačtïŋïz | *kačtïlar | |
| heard or unclear | *kačmïšban (or kačmïšman) | *kačmïšsaŋ | *kačmïš | *kačmïšïk (kačmïšbïz or kačmïšmïz) | *kačmïšsïŋïz | *kačmïšlar | ||
| future | *kačačakban (or kačačakman) | *kačačaksaŋ | *kačačak | *kačačakïk (kačačakbïz or kačačakmïz) | *kačačaksïŋïz | *kačačaklar | ||
| conditional | *kačsam | *kačsaŋ | *kačsa | *kačsak (or kačsamïz) | *kačsaŋïz | *kačsalar | ||
| optative | *kačayïŋ | *kačgasaŋ | *kačga | *kačalïm | *kačgasïŋïz | *kačgalar | ||
| progressive | *kačmaktaban (or kačmaktaman) | *kačmaktasaŋ | *kačmakta | *kačmaktayïk (kačmaktabïz or kačmaktamïz) | *kačmaktasïŋïz | *kačmaktalar | ||
| necessitative | *kačmalïgban (or kačmalïgman) | *kačmalïgsaŋ | *kačmalïg | *kačmalïgïk (kačmalïgbïz or kačmalïgmïz) | *kačmalïgsïŋïz | *kačmalïglar | ||
| imperative | *kačayïŋ | *kač | *kačsun | *kačalïm | *kačïŋ | *kačsunlar | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| verbal noun (infinitive) | *kačmama(k) | |||||||
| verbal adjective | *kačmagan (or kačmaduk) | |||||||
| way of doing | *kačmayïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | present | *kačmarban (or kačmarman) | *kačmarsaŋ | *kačmaz | *kačmarïk (kačmarbïz or kačmarmïz) | *kačmarsïŋïz | *kačmazlar | |
| past | seen or clear | *kačmadïm | *kačmadïŋ | *kačmadï | *kačmadïk (or kačmadïmïz) | *kačmadïŋïz | *kačmadïlar | |
| heard or unclear | *kačmamïšban (or kačmamïšman) | *kačmamïšsaŋ | *kačmamïš | *kačmamïšïk (kačmamïšbïz or kačmamïšmïz) | *kačmamïšsïŋïz | *kačmamïšlar | ||
| future | *kačmayačakban (or kačmayačakman) | *kačmayačaksaŋ | *kačmayačak | *kačmayačakïk (kačmayačakbïz or kačmayačakmïz) | *kačmayačakïŋïz | *kačmayačaklar | ||
| conditional | *kačmasam | *kačmasaŋ | *kačmasa | *kačmasak (or kačmasamïz) | *kačmasaŋïz | *kačmasalar | ||
| optative | *kačmayayïŋ | *kačmagasaŋ | *kačmaga | *kačmayalïm | *kačmagasïŋïz | *kačmagalar | ||
| progressive | *kačmamaktaban (or kačmamaktagman) | *kačmamaktasaŋ | *kačmamakta | *kačmamaktayïk (kačmamaktabïz or kačmamaktamïk) | *kačmamaktasïŋïz | *kačmamaktalar | ||
| necessitative | *kačmamalïgban (or kačmamalïgman) | *kačmamalïgsaŋ | *kačmamalïg | *kačmamalïgïk (kačmamalïgbïz or kačmamalïgmïz) | *kačmamalïgsïŋïz | *kačmamalïglar | ||
| imperative | *kačmayayïŋ | *kačma | *kačmasun | *kačmayalïm | *kačmayïŋ | *kačmasunlar | ||
Descendants
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: قَاجْماقْ (qačmāq)
- Chagatai: قاچمق (qačmaq)
- Uzbek: qochmoq
- Uyghur: قاچماق (qachmaq)
- Chagatai: قاچمق (qačmaq)
- Karakhanid: قَاجْماقْ (qačmāq)
- Kipchak:
- Siberian Turkic:
- Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰲 (qač-)
References
- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*KAč”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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