< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swōgan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *swōganą.

Verb

*swōgan [1]

  1. to overwhelm

Inflection

Strong class 7e
Infinitive *swōgan
1st sg. past *sweōg
3rd pl. past *sweōgun
Past ptcple *swōgan
Infinitive *swōgan
Genitive infin. *swōgannjas
Dative infin. *swōgannjē
Instrum. infin. *swōgannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *swōgu *sweōg
2nd singular *swōgiʀi *sweōgī
3rd singular *swōgidi *sweōg
1st plural *swōgum *sweōgum
2nd plural *swōgid *sweōgud
3rd plural *swōgand *sweōgun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *swōgē *sweōgī
2nd singular *swōgēs *sweōgī
3rd singular *swōgē *sweōgī
1st plural *swōgēm *sweōgīm
2nd plural *swōgēþ *sweōgīd
3rd plural *swōgēn *sweōgīn
Imperative Present
Singular *swōg
Plural *swōgid
Present Past
Participle *swōgandī *swōgan

Descendants

  • Old English: swōgan, sƿōgan
    • Middle English: swowen, souȝen, soghen
      • English: sough
      • Scots: swouch, souch
    • Middle English: swōune (faintness) (past participle)
      • Middle English: swōunen
  • Old Saxon: swōgan
  • Old Dutch: *swuogan
    • Middle Dutch: *swoegen

References

  1. Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127: “*swōgan”
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