kar
Translingual
English
Noun
kar (plural kars)
Achi
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare with other Mayan – Quichean–Mamean K'iche' kar
Noun
kar
References
- Academia de Lenguas Mayas de Guatemala, Achi - castellano (2000)
- livingdictionaries fish (kar) wav recording 2022
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch kar, from Middle Dutch carre, from Latin carrus or the mediaeval variant carra, from Gaulish carros.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kar/
audio (file)
Synonyms
Albanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kaɾ]
- IPA(key): [kaɹ] (Gheg)
Declension
Synonyms
Derived terms
- karuc m (diminutive)
References
- Orel, Vladimir (1998) Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 170
Breton
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑːr/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Brythonic *kar, from Proto-Celtic *karants.
Mutation
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Chuukese
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkar]
Declension
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ka/, [kʰɑ]
- Rhymes: -ar
Inflection
Derived terms
Further reading
- “kar” in Den Danske Ordbog
- “kar” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɑr/
audio (file) - Hyphenation: kar
- Rhymes: -ɑr
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch carre, from Latin carrus or the mediaeval variant carra, from Gaulish carros. Doublet of ros.
Noun
Synonyms
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɒr]
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɒr
Etymology 1
From a Turkic language. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Noun
kar (plural karok)
- arm (upper limb of a human or animal)
- lever (a rod with one end fixed, which can be pulled to trigger or control a mechanical device)
- crank (bent piece of an axle used to impart a rotation to a mechanical device)
- (only with the suffix -ban (“in”), often preceded by jó (“good”) or rossz (“bad”)) condition (the state or quality; the health status of a medical patient)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kar | karok |
accusative | kart | karokat |
dative | karnak | karoknak |
instrumental | karral | karokkal |
causal-final | karért | karokért |
translative | karrá | karokká |
terminative | karig | karokig |
essive-formal | karként | karokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | karban | karokban |
superessive | karon | karokon |
adessive | karnál | karoknál |
illative | karba | karokba |
sublative | karra | karokra |
allative | karhoz | karokhoz |
elative | karból | karokból |
delative | karról | karokról |
ablative | kartól | karoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
karé | karoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
karéi | karokéi |
Possessive forms of kar | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | karom | karjaim |
2nd person sing. | karod | karjaid |
3rd person sing. | karja | karjai |
1st person plural | karunk | karjaink |
2nd person plural | karotok | karjaitok |
3rd person plural | karjuk | karjaik |
Derived terms
Noun
kar (plural karok)
- faculty (scholarly staff at colleges or universities; usually preceded by the adjective denoting the members, e.g. tanári kar (“teaching staff”))
- faculty (department at a university, e.g. that of arts, science, or law)
- Meronym: tanszék
- a group of people performing together (choir, chorus, chorus line, ensemble, etc.)
Usage notes
These two nouns are almost completely homonymous except for the third person single-object possessive forms and all multiple-object possessive forms, the first one (with the sense "arm") having an extra -j- between the root and the possessive ending.
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | kar | karok |
accusative | kart | karokat |
dative | karnak | karoknak |
instrumental | karral | karokkal |
causal-final | karért | karokért |
translative | karrá | karokká |
terminative | karig | karokig |
essive-formal | karként | karokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | karban | karokban |
superessive | karon | karokon |
adessive | karnál | karoknál |
illative | karba | karokba |
sublative | karra | karokra |
allative | karhoz | karokhoz |
elative | karból | karokból |
delative | karról | karokról |
ablative | kartól | karoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
karé | karoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
karéi | karokéi |
Possessive forms of kar | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | karom | karaim |
2nd person sing. | karod | karaid |
3rd person sing. | kara | karai |
1st person plural | karunk | karaink |
2nd person plural | karotok | karaitok |
3rd person plural | karuk | karaik |
Further reading
- (arm, lever): kar in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (faculty; ensemble): kar in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Anagrams
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kʰaːr/
- Rhymes: -aːr
Declension
Derived terms
Noun
kar n (genitive singular kars, nominative plural kör)
- (colloquial, North America) car, automobile
Declension
Synonyms
Related terms
- (colloquial, North American) strítkar (“streetcar”)
K'iche'
Latvian
Verb
kar
- 2nd person singular present indicative form of kārt
- 3rd person singular present indicative form of kārt
- 3rd person plural present indicative form of kārt
- 2nd person singular imperative form of kārt
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person singular imperative form of kārt
- (with the particle lai) 3rd person plural imperative form of kārt
Ngarrindjeri
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
From Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz.
Usage notes
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Danish kar, from Old Norse ker, in the sense of blood vessels influenced by Latin vas.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɑːr/
Etymology 1
From Old Norse karl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz. Doublet of kall.
Etymology 2
From Old Norse ker, from Proto-Germanic *kazą. Doublet of kjer.
References
- “kar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kar/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ar
- Syllabification: kar
Etymology 1
Borrowed from German Kar, from Middle High German kar, from Old High German char, from Proto-Germanic *kazą.
Declension
Derived terms
- karowy
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Romani
Descendants
- → Albanian: kar
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*kāṭa2”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 154
- Boretzky, Norbert; Igla, Birgit (1994), “kar¹”, in Wörterbuch Romani-Deutsch-Englisch für den südosteuropäischen Raum : mit einer Grammatik der Dialektvarianten [Romani-German-English dictionary for the Southern European region] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 135b
- Andrea Scala (2020), “Romani Lexicon”, in Yaron Matras; Anton Tenser, editors, The Palgrave Handbook of Romani Language and Linguistics, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 92
Sumerian
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse ker, from Proto-Germanic *kazą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kɑːr/
- Homophone: karl
Declension
Declension of kar | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | kar | karet | kar | karen |
Genitive | kars | karets | kars | karens |
Derived terms
References
- kar in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- kar in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- kar in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- kar in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkaɾ/
Etymology 1
From Ottoman Turkish قار (kar, “snow”), from Proto-Turkic *kār, *Kiār (“snow”). Compare Old Turkic 𐰴𐰺 (kar, “snow”), Proto-Mongolic *karig (“strong coldness”).
Declension
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | kar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | karı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | kar | karlar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | karı | karları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | kara | karlara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | karda | karlarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | kardan | karlardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | karın | karların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
- kar tanesi
- kardan adam (“snowman”)
- karlı
- karlık
- karlılık
- karsız
- karsızlık
Further reading
- kar in Turkish dictionaries at Türk Dil Kurumu
Uzbek
Derived terms
West Frisian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “kar”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011