kelfa
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈcʰɛlva/
- Rhymes: -ɛlva
Verb
kelfa (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative kelfdi, supine kelft)
- (intransitive) to calve
- (transitive, with accusative, of cows) to impregnate
Conjugation
kelfa — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að kelfa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
kelft | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
kelfandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég kelfi | við kelfum | present (nútíð) |
ég kelfi | við kelfum |
| þú kelfir | þið kelfið | þú kelfir | þið kelfið | ||
| hann, hún, það kelfir | þeir, þær, þau kelfa | hann, hún, það kelfi | þeir, þær, þau kelfi | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég kelfdi | við kelfdum | past (þátíð) |
ég kelfdi | við kelfdum |
| þú kelfdir | þið kelfduð | þú kelfdir | þið kelfduð | ||
| hann, hún, það kelfdi | þeir, þær, þau kelfdu | hann, hún, það kelfdi | þeir, þær, þau kelfdu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
kelf (þú) | kelfið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| kelfdu | kelfiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
kelfast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að kelfast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
kelfst | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
kelfandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég kelfist | við kelfumst | present (nútíð) |
ég kelfist | við kelfumst |
| þú kelfist | þið kelfist | þú kelfist | þið kelfist | ||
| hann, hún, það kelfist | þeir, þær, þau kelfast | hann, hún, það kelfist | þeir, þær, þau kelfist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég kelfdist | við kelfdumst | past (þátíð) |
ég kelfdist | við kelfdumst |
| þú kelfdist | þið kelfdust | þú kelfdist | þið kelfdust | ||
| hann, hún, það kelfdist | þeir, þær, þau kelfdust | hann, hún, það kelfdist | þeir, þær, þau kelfdust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
kelfst (þú) | kelfist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| kelfstu | kelfisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
kelfdur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
kelfdur | kelfd | kelft | kelfdir | kelfdar | kelfd | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
kelfdan | kelfda | kelft | kelfda | kelfdar | kelfd | |
| dative (þágufall) |
kelfdum | kelfdri | kelfdu | kelfdum | kelfdum | kelfdum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
kelfds | kelfdrar | kelfds | kelfdra | kelfdra | kelfdra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
kelfdi | kelfda | kelfda | kelfdu | kelfdu | kelfdu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
kelfda | kelfdu | kelfda | kelfdu | kelfdu | kelfdu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
kelfda | kelfdu | kelfda | kelfdu | kelfdu | kelfdu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
kelfda | kelfdu | kelfda | kelfdu | kelfdu | kelfdu | |
Derived terms
- kelfing (“calving”)
Related terms
- kálfur (“calf”)
Old Norse
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
kelfa (singular past indicative kelfir, plural past indicative keldir, past participle keldr)
- to calve
Conjugation
Conjugation of kelfa — active (weak class 1)
| infinitive | kelfa | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | kelfandi | |
| past participle | keldr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kelfi | kelda |
| 2nd-person singular | kelfir | keldir |
| 3rd-person singular | kelfir | keldi |
| 1st-person plural | kelfum | keldum |
| 2nd-person plural | kelfið | kelduð |
| 3rd-person plural | kelfa | keldu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kelfa | kelda |
| 2nd-person singular | kelfir | keldir |
| 3rd-person singular | kelfi | keldi |
| 1st-person plural | kelfim | keldim |
| 2nd-person plural | kelfið | keldið |
| 3rd-person plural | kelfi | keldi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | kelf, kelfi | |
| 1st-person plural | kelfum | |
| 2nd-person plural | kelfið | |
Conjugation of kelfa — mediopassive (weak class 1)
| infinitive | kelfask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | kelfandisk | |
| past participle | kelzk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kelfumk | keldumk |
| 2nd-person singular | kelfisk | keldisk |
| 3rd-person singular | kelfisk | keldisk |
| 1st-person plural | kelfumsk | keldumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | kelfizk | kelduzk |
| 3rd-person plural | kelfask | keldusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | kelfumk | keldumk |
| 2nd-person singular | kelfisk | keldisk |
| 3rd-person singular | kelfisk | keldisk |
| 1st-person plural | kelfimsk | keldimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | kelfizk | keldizk |
| 3rd-person plural | kelfisk | keldisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | kelfsk, kelfisk | |
| 1st-person plural | kelfumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | kelfizk | |
Related terms
- kalfr m (“calf”)
References
- “kelfa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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