manduco

manduco

1. first-person singular present indicative of manducare

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /manˈduː.koː/, [män̪ˈd̪uːkoː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /manˈdu.ko/, [män̪ˈd̪uːko]

From Proto-Italic *mandnō, from Proto-Indo-European *menth₂-/*mendʰ- (“to chew”), with a phonetic development as in pandō, but with uncertain semantic development:

• De Vaan 2008 suggests "to stir > chew", as in Tocharian B mintanaṃ (“to mix (clay with water)”), Sanskrit मन्थति (mánthati, “to whirl, rub, shake”), Ossetian yzmæntyn, æzmæntun (“to shake, stir around”), Lithuanian mę̃sti (“to mix”), Old Church Slavonic мѧсти (męsti, “to stir, trouble”).
• WH, IEW, LIV, Meiser refer it to "tear away", as in Sanskrit मथ्नाति (mathnāti, “to rob, snatch away; kill”), Tocharian A mäntācär (“you are injured”, 2pl.).

Cognate to Latin mandō (“I chew, bite”), Latin mandūcus (“masked figure with champing jaws”), probably also Latin māsū̆cius (“voracious”); possibly also to Latin māla, depending on its etymology.

mandūcō (present infinitive mandūcāre, perfect active mandūcāvī, supine mandūcātum); first conjugation, irregular short imperative

1. (Classical Latin, deponent in Old Latin) I chew, gnaw on, masticate
   • c. 100 BCE, Afranius, Fratriae (fragment XVII) in Scaenicae Romanorum Poesis Fragmenta (volume II), Otto Ribbeck (editor), Bibliotheca Teubneriana, Leipzig 1852, page 159:

     […] facile mandūcārī quī potest.

     […] whoever can chew on it easily.

   • c. 45 BCE, Varro, De lingua Latina 7.95:

     Dictum mandier ā mandendō, unde mandūcārī […]

     Here mandier comes from mandō, whence also comes mandūcārī […]

   • 63 CE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 95.27:

     In cēnā fit quod fierī dēbēbat in ventre: expectō iam ut mandūcāta pōnantur.

     What should be done in my stomach is now done on the table: already I expect chewed things to be placed there.

2. (Late Latin, colloquial in Classical Latin) I eat
   • 121 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 2.76.2:

     Verba ipsīus ex epistulīs sunt: […] Nē Iūdaeus quidem, mī Tiberī, tam dīligenter sabbatīs ieiunium servat quam ego hodiē servāvī, quī in balineō dēmum post hōram prīmam noctis duās buccās mandūcāvī prius quam unguī inciperem.

     His [‌Augustus’s] own words from his letters are: […] Not even a Jew, my dear Tiberius, does the Saturday fasting as I did today, now that, at the baths, I finally ate a couple snacks at the first hour of the night, before starting with the cleaning oil.

   • c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 56.4:

     Nam mūtae bēstiae labōriōsissimae bovēs et ovēs: bovēs, quōrum beneficiō pānem mandūcāmus; ovēs, quod lānā illae nōs glōriōsōs faciunt.

     Oxen and sheep are quiet beasts that work exceedingly well: we eat bread as a benefit from oxen, and sheep make us look glorious with their wool.

   • 4th C. CE, Saint Jerome, Vulgate, Mark 14:22:

     Et mandūcantibus illīs, accēpit Iēsūs pānem, et benedīcēns frēgit, et dedit eīs, et ait, “Sūmite; hoc est corpus meum”.

     And as they were eating, Jesus took some bread, and broke it while blessing it, and gave it to them saying, “Take it; this is my body”.

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: mãc, mãcari
  • Istro-Romanian: măncå
  • Megleno-Romanian: mănǫnc, măncare
  • Romanian: mânca
• Italo-Romance:
  • Central Italian: magnà
  • Corsican: manghjà
  • Italian: manducare, manucare, manicare (archaic or literary)
  • Neapolitan: magnà
  • Sicilian: manciari
• North Italian: (many borrowed from OFr. mangier)
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: mangiar, manger, magnar, magner
    • Ligurian: mangiâ
    • Lombard: mangiar, maiar, magnar
    • Piedmontese: mangé
    • Romagnol: magner
  • Friulian: mangjâ
  • Istriot: magnà
  • Romansch: mangiar
  • Venetian: magnar
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: mengiér
  • Old French: mangier (see there for further descendants)
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: menjar
  • Gascon: minjar, minhar
  • Old Occitan: menjar
    • Occitan: manjar
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: minchar
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: mandicare, mandigare
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin:
  • *dismandūcō
    • French: démanger
    • Piedmontese: dzmangé
  • *exmandūcō
    • Emilian: smangiar
    • Ligurian: smangiâ
    • Lombard: smangiar
    • Piedmontese: smangié
• Borrowings:
  • → English: manducate
  • → Esperanto: manĝi
  • → Ido: manjar
  • → Interlingua: manducar
  • → Portuguese: manducar
  • → Spanish: manducar

mandūcō +‎ -ō (“agent noun marker”).

mandūcō m (genitive mandūcōnis); third declension (rare)

1. glutton

Third-declension noun.

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 680: “se ti pizzica” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “mandō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
• “mandūcō” in volume 8, column 273, line 72 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911), “manducare”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 384
• prudere in Dizionario dei Dialetti
• prudere in TIG

• “manduco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• manduco in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• manduco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

Borrowed from Konkani [script needed] (māṇḍūk), from Sanskrit मण्डूक (maṇḍūka).

manduco m (plural manducos)

1. (India, Macau) a species of edible freshwater frog

Borrowed from Kabuverdianu manduku.

manduco m (plural manducos)

1. (Africa, especially Cape Verde) club (heavy stick used as a weapon)

   Synonyms: cajado, cacete, porrete

manduco

1. first-person singular present indicative of manducar