rḏj

See also: RDJ

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /(ɾV)ˈcʼiːjit/ → /(ɾV)ˈtʼiːjiʔ/ → /(ɾə)ˈtʼiːʔəʔ/ → /ˈtʼiːʔ/

Verb
rdi

 anom.

  1. (transitive) to give
  2. (transitive) to put, to set, to place (+ ḥr: to assign to do; + m or + r: to appoint as)
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 39–41:
      aHaa
      n      		 A1r
      a      		 kwA1riw
      N23 Z1      		 i
      n      		 wAAwmwnM14wrr
      N36
      ꜥḥꜥ.n.j rḏj.kw r jw jn wꜣw n(j) wꜣḏ-wr
      Then I was put on an island by a wave of the sea.
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 177–179:
      aHaa
      n      		 r
      a      		 kwA1rSmsWA1ssAAHD63Y2
      k      		 wA1mtpA1 B1
      Z2      		 V1V1
      ꜥḥꜥ.n(.j) rdj.kw r šmsw sꜣḥ.kw m štj tpw
      Then I was appointed as a retainer and endowed with two hundred servants (literally, “heads”).
  3. (catenative, with a verb in the subjunctive) to cause, make, let, allow
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.3–2.4:
      r
      a      		 inTAt
      A1      		 nistA2nAiif
      n      		 X
      r      		 dwA17AA1
      Z2
      mxt
      x t      		 D54a
      r      		 qarqA2fz
      x      		 rY1r
      T      		 A1 B1
      Z2      		 bM17t
      W10      		 bHA2sn
      Z2      		 miiit
      D54      		 HrZ1r
      f
      rdj.jn ṯꜣt(j) njs.t(w) nꜣy.f n(j) ẖrdw m ḫt ꜥrq.f sḫr r(m)ṯw bj(ꜣ)t.sn m jjt ḥr.f
      So the vizier let his children be summoned after he understood the conduct of people, their character being what had come upon him.

Inflection
Conjugation of rḏj (anomalous / anom.) — base stem: rḏj, ḏj, geminated stem: ḏḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
rḏjt, ḏjt
 rḏj
 —
 jmj, ḏj
 jmj, ḏj, ḏy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
rḏj6, ḏj6
 ḥr rḏjt, ḥr ḏjt
 m rḏjt, m ḏjt
 r rḏjt, r ḏjt
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect rḏj.n, ḏj.n
 rḏj, rḏjw, rḏy, ḏj, ḏjw, ḏy
 consecutive rḏj.jn, ḏj.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative —
perfective3 rḏj
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 rḏj.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective ḏj
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 rḏj, rḏjw
 rḏj, rḏjw
 potentialis1 rḏj.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive ḏj
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect rḏj.n, ḏj.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective rḏj, ḏj
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 rḏj, ḏj
 rḏy, rḏj, ḏy, ḏj
imperfective ḏḏ, ḏḏw, ḏḏy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 ḏḏ
 ḏḏ, ḏḏw5
prospective —
 — rḏjtj4, rḏjt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Third-person masculine statives of this verb often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
In Late Egyptian the masculine third-person singular of the stative is commonly written
D37
D37
.

Alternative forms

By Middle Egyptian times, this verb had most likely become rdj, although sometimes written identically to its older form. By Late Egyptian it was likely dj.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of rḏj  
rdi
r
D37
r
a
r
Z1
a
r
t
a
rḏj rdj rdj rdj rtj
[chiefly Old Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [Middle Kingdom] [Late Period] [Late Period]

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Demotic: ty
    • Coptic: ϯ (ti)

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 357 page 159, 357.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 93–94
  • Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 82
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 464–468
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.