telik
Hungarian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *täwde (“full”) or Proto-Finno-Ugric *täwδe-, (*tälkɜ-) (“complete, full”)[1] + -ik (reflexive suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈtɛlik]
- Hyphenation: te‧lik
- Rhymes: -ɛlik
Verb
telik
- (intransitive) to fill (to get filled)
- (intransitive, of time) to elapse, to pass, to go by
- (intransitive, of time, less commonly of work etc.) to take, demand, require the given amount of expenditure (used with -ba/-be)
- Synonyms: kerül, igénybe vesz
- Egy órába telt, amíg/mire odaértünk / Egy órába telt odaérnünk. ― It took us an hour to get there.
- (intransitive, impersonal) to be able to afford to buy (something -ra/-re, for someone -nak/-nek)
- Synonyms: tellik, futja, megengedhet
- Nekünk nem telik új kocsira. ― We can’t afford a new car.
Usage notes
This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hullik, (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.
Conjugation
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | only 3rd-person forms | telik | only 3rd-person forms | telnek | ||
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ― | telt | ― | teltek | |||
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | telne | ― | telnének | ||
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | teljen or teljék |
― | teljenek | ||
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Infinitive | telni | ― | telnie | ― | telniük | |||
Other nonfinite verb forms |
Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
telés | telő | telt | ― | telve | telhet |
With its uncommon personal forms included:
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | telek | telsz | telik | telünk | teltek | telnek |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | teltem | teltél | telt | teltünk | teltetek | teltek | |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | telnék | telnél | telne | telnénk | telnétek | telnének |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | teljek | telj or teljél |
teljen or teljék |
teljünk | teljetek | teljenek |
Def. | ― | |||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | |||||||
Infinitive | telni | telnem | telned | telnie | telnünk | telnetek | telniük | |
Other nonfinite verb forms |
Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
telés | telő | telt | ― | telve | telhet |
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
Related terms
References
- Entry #1042 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
- telik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- telik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN