tot

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tot"

English

Pronunciation

  • (UK) IPA(key): /tɒt/
  • (US) enPR: tŏt, IPA(key): /tɑt/
  • (file)
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ɒt
  • Homophones: taught, taut (in accents with the cot-caught merger)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Scots tot, a shortened form of totum (small child; tot), of uncertain origin. Compare totter, tottle. Compare also Old Norse tottr (name of a dwarf), Swedish tutte (small child), Danish tommeltot (little child).

Noun

tot (plural tots)

  1. A small child.
    He learned to run when he was just a tot.
    • 1932, Aldous Huxley, Brave New World, London: Chatto & Windus:
      Death conditioning begins at eighteen months. Every tot spends two mornings a week in a Hospital for the Dying. All the best toys are kept there, and they get chocolate cream on death days.
  2. A measure of spirits, especially rum.
    • 1897: Mary H. Kingsley, Travels in West Africa
      Then I give them a tot of rum apiece, as they sit huddled in their blankets.
    • 1916: Siegfried Sassoon, The Working Party
      And tot of rum to send him warm to sleep.
  3. Ellipsis of tater tot.
  4. (Barbados) A small cup, usually made of tin.
  5. (UK, dialect, obsolete) A foolish fellow.
    • a. 1660, A Contemporary History Of Affairs In Ireland:
      Whoe answeared like a toute, or a maddman, as he was, that he was for the Kinge.
Translations

Etymology 2

Clipping of total (to sum)

Verb

tot (third-person singular simple present tots, present participle totting, simple past and past participle totted)

  1. To sum or total.
    • 2017: Paul Lockhart, Arithmetic
      There are, of course, many ways to proceed from here, the most likely being that you, as an experienced tradesman, would simply know what these amounts come to (in terms of groups of ten) and can tot them up in your head.
  2. (UK, historical) To mark (a debt) with the word tot (Latin for "so much"), indicating that it was good or collectible for the amount specified.
    a totted debt
Derived terms

Noun

tot (plural tots)

  1. A total, an addition of a long column of figures.

Anagrams

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch tot, from Middle Dutch tot, tōte, from Old Dutch tote, toti (to, until).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tɔt/
  • (file)

Conjunction

tot

  1. until

Preposition

tot

  1. until

Aragonese

Etymology

From Latin totus.

Adjective

tot

  1. all

Aromanian

Alternative forms

Noun

tot m (plural toteanj)

  1. old man
  2. grandfather

Synonyms

See also

Catalan

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Classical Latin tōtus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

tot (feminine tota, masculine plural tots, feminine plural totes)

  1. all
    Antonym: cap

Pronoun

tot

  1. everything
    Antonym: res

Derived terms

Further reading

Chinook Jargon

Noun

tot

  1. uncle

Coordinate terms

  • (with regard to gender): kwalh

Crimean Tatar

Noun

tot

  1. rust, corrosion

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin tōtus. Compare Romanian, Romansch, Occitan, and Catalan tot, Italian tutto, French tout, Spanish and Portuguese todo.

Adjective

tot (feminine tota, masculine plural toč)

  1. all

Pronoun

tot

  1. everything

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch tot, tōte, from Old Dutch tote, toti (to, until), equivalent to toe + te. Compare Old Saxon tōte (to, until), Old Frisian tot (until), Old High German zuo ze.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tɔt/
  • (file)
  • Hyphenation: tot
  • Rhymes: -ɔt

Preposition

tot

  1. to, up to
  2. until
  3. (telephony, Suriname) Used to answer a telephone call, followed by one's name, shortened from "u spreekt tot..."
    • 2020 August 25, Gerold Rozenblad, “Tafra drai [The table has turned]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 14 July 2021:
      Gaat een telefoon over ergens in Paramaribo. "Ja, halloo tot Rabin."
      A phone rings somewhere in Paramaribo. "Yes, hello. This is Rabin."
    Synonym: (Netherlands) met

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Afrikaans: tot
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: tutu
  • Jersey Dutch: tut, tût
  • Negerhollands: tot, tee

Conjunction

tot

  1. until, till
    Ik kan niet wachten tot het hier ook weer gaat sneeuwen!I can't wait till it snows here as well!

Anagrams

German

Etymology

From Middle High German tōt, from Old High German tōt (akin to Old Saxon dōd), from Proto-West Germanic *daud, from Proto-Germanic *daudaz. Compare Dutch dood, English dead, Danish død, Norwegian Nynorsk daud.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /toːt/
  • (file)
  • Homophone: Tod

Adjective

tot (strong nominative masculine singular toter, not comparable)

  1. dead, deceased

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

  • tot” in Duden online
  • tot” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin tot.

Adjective

tot (invariable)

  1. so many

Noun

tot m (invariable)

  1. so much

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *toti, adverb from *. Cognate with Sanskrit तति (táti), Ancient Greek τόσος (tósos).

Pronunciation

Determiner

tot (indeclinable)

  1. so many
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.229:
      Quid faciant paucī contrā tot mīlia fortēs?
      What can a few brave men do against so many thousands [of soldiers]?
      (Ovid here recounts the Battle of the Cremera.)

Derived terms

References

  • tot”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • tot”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • tot in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • many men, many minds: quot homines, tot sententiae
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan tot, from Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Classical Latin tōtus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tut/
  • (file)

Adjective

tot m (feminine singular tota, masculine plural tots, feminine plural totas)

  1. all
  2. each, every
    Synonym: cada

Derived terms

Pronoun

tot

  1. everything

Derived terms

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Latin tōtus.

Adjective

tot m (oblique and nominative feminine singular tote)

  1. all

Declension

Adverb

tot

  1. all; completely

Descendants

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *daud, from Proto-Germanic *daudaz.

Adjective

tōt

  1. dead

Descendants

  • Middle High German: tōt
    • Alemannic German:
    • Bavarian: doud
      Cimbrian: tòat
    • Central Franconian: dut, dot
      Hunsrik: dot
      Luxembourgish: dout
    • East Central German:
      Erzgebirgisch: duud
      Upper Saxon:
    • East Franconian:
    • German: tot
    • Rhine Franconian: dut, dot
    • Yiddish: טויט (toyt)

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin tōtus.

Adjective

tot (nominative singular tuih)

  1. all

Romagnol

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Latin tōtus.

Pronoun

tot

  1. everyone

Romanian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tot/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ot

Etymology 1

From Latin tōtus. Compare Aromanian tut, Catalan tot, French tout, Italian tutto, Portuguese todo, Spanish todo. First attested in the Hurmuzaki Psalter, dated to circa 1500–1510.

Adverb

tot

  1. (temporal) still [from 1744]
    Mai avem o oră și tot nu suntem gata.
    We have an hour left and we still aren’t ready.
    • 1744, Ion Neculce, Letopisețul Țării Moldovei [Chronicle of the Country of Moldova], chapter 24:
      Numai Dumnădzău tot nu s-au îndurat de istov []
      But God still didn’t entirely take pity []
    • 1837, Constantin Negruzzi, Negru pe alb, letter 1:
      Biserica episcopiei nu se deosebește prin altă decât prin o clopotniță de mulți ani începută și tot nesfârșită.
      The church of the bishopry is not distinguished from any other in anything but a steeple begun long ago and still unfinished.
    • 1921 April, Grigore Graur, “Îndrumarea medicală în alegerea meseriei [Medical counselling in selecting one’s job]”, in Arhiva pentru știința și reforma socială [Archive for science and social reform], year 3, number 1, page 322:
      Publicul tot mai crede că datoria statului este numai să dea ajutoare bănești invalizilor, și atâta tot.
      The public still thinks that the state’s duty is to grant monetary help to invalids, and nothing more.
  2. nevertheless, still, anyway
    Nu aveam voie, dar tot m-am dus.
    I wasn’t allowed to, but still went.
  3. repeatedly or unceasingly
    E greu să adormi când tot auzi lovituri.
    It’s hard to fall asleep when you’re hearing knocks all the time.
    • 1877, Ion Creangă, The story of Harap-Alb:
      Dar așa, muncesc, muncesc, și nu s-alege nimica de mine; pentru că tot de stăpâni calici mi-am avut parte.
      But, as it stands, I work and work, and nothing becomes of me; because I’ve only had miserly masters.
  4. indicating a second occurrence: also, as well; again
    tot aiathe same thing
    tot atâtjust as much
    tot așain the same way
    În București e Palatul Parlamentului, iar Palatul Justiției tot acolo este.
    The Palace of the Parliament is in Bucharest, and the Palace of Justice is also there.
    Tot eu sunt.It’s me again.
  5. (modifying mai) increasingly (yielding more and more, ever more)
    • 1883, Mihai Eminescu, “De-or trece anii…”, in Poesii [Poems], Bucharest: Socec, lines 1–2, page 159:
      De-ori trece anii cum trecură,
      Ea tot mai mult im va plăcè, []
      Should the years pass as they have passed,
      I shall like her increasingly more, []
Usage notes

In the first sense, tot is succeeded by mai when modifying a non-negated verb.

The first, second and fourth senses take a high pitch; the third and fifth meaning are distinguished with a lower pitch and are relatively stressed. These contrast in a sentence like tot se duce, which may either mean he’s habitually going or he’s going anyway.

Synonyms

Determiner

tot m or n (feminine singular toată, masculine plural toți, feminine and neuter plural toate)

  1. all, the whole [from 1581]
    toată treabathe whole thing
    • 1581–1582, Palia de la Orăștie; edited in Viorica Pamfil, editor, Palia de la Orăștie. 1581–1582. Text—Facsimile—Indice, Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, 1968, →OCLC, page 107:
      Лаба́нь пи́пѫи то́ть ко́ртꙋль ши неми́кѫ нꙋ а҆флѫ:
      Laban pipăi tot cortul și nemică nu află.
      Laban searched the whole tent and found nothing. (Genesis 31:34)
    • 1835, Vasile Drăghici, Robinson Cruzoe, seau Întâmplările cele minunate a unui tânăr [Robinson Crusoe, or the wonderful adventures of a young man], Iași: Tipografia Albina, translation of Robinson der Jüngere by Joachim Heinrich Campe, page 59:
      [] тот портꙋл съꙋ єра плин де мѫндріе.
      [] tot portul său era plin de mândrie.
      [] his whole conduct was full of arrogance.
    • 1876, Ion Creangă, Povestea porcului:
      În sfârșit, s-a hotărât a se duce în toată lumea, să-și caute bărbatul.
      In the end, she decided to go out in the entire world to search for her man.
    • 1928, Panait Istrati, Ciulinii Bărăganului:
      Am aflat curând toată povestea []
      I soon found out the whole story []
    • 1972, Anuarul Observatorului din București [Yearly of the Bucharest Observatory], Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, page 92:
      Uranus se află tot anul în constelația Fecioara.
      Uranus is in Virgo all year.
    • 2016, Carmen Pațac, transl., Jurnalul lui Adam și al Evei (ebook), Litera, translation of The Diaries of Adam and Eve by Mark Twain, →ISBN:
      După o săptămână am înțeles și noi că toată treaba cu-ntrerupătorul era o păcăleală și-o capcană.
      After a week we finally understood that the whole thing about the switch was a sham and a trap.
  2. (in the plural) all, every [from c. 1500–1510]
    cu toate acesteawith that being said
    • c. 1500–1510, Hurmuzaki Psalter, folio 49r, lines 6–7; edited in Ion Gheție; Mirela Teodorescu, editors, Psaltirea Hurmuzaki, volume I, Bucharest: Romanian Academy Press, 2005:
      каоу҆ᲅь​ши​сокоᲅѣщи​ꙟ​ᲅѡаᲅе​лимбиле·
      Caută și socoteaști în toate limbile []
      Search and judge in all nations [] (Psalm 59:6)
    • 1673, Dosoftei, Psaltirea în versuri [Metrical psalter], Iași, folio 9r (ѳ҃):
      Те​воⷬ҇ ꙟⷩ҇ кꙋн꙽ џꙋра́те[sic] нъроа́де де​глоа́те,
       Ка́риле цай[sic] цѫнꙋ́тꙋц꙽ порꙋ́нчиле тоа́те.
      Te vor încungiura-te năroade de gloate,
       Carile ț-au țânutu-ți poruncile toate.
      Congregations of people shall surround you,
       Which have kept all your commandments. (Psalm 7:7)
    • 1946, Lucian Blaga, Hronicul și cântecul vârstelor [Chronicle and song of the ages], fourth edition, Bucharest: Minerva, published 1990, →ISBN, page 174:
      Manifestul era adresat tuturor popoarelor din monarhie, numai nouă, românilor, nu.
      The manifesto was addressed to all of the peoples of the Monarchy, except for us, the Romanians.
  3. (with singular countable nouns or relative pronouns; archaic, regional or colloquial) every
    în tot loculall over the place
    de tot felulof all kinds
    • c. 1500–1510, Hurmuzaki Psalter, folio 125r, lines 23–24; edited in Ion Gheție; Mirela Teodorescu, editors, Psaltirea Hurmuzaki, volume I, Bucharest: Romanian Academy Press, 2005:
      ᲅоаᲅъ​дыханїа​се​лаоуде​дѡ́мнꙋлъ:
      Toată dihania se laude Domnul.
      Let every thing that hath breath praise the Lord. (Psalm 150:6)
    • 1648, New Testament of Bălgrad, Alba Iulia, folio 117r (рꙁ҃ї), lines 8–9:
      Ръспꙋ́нсе Іᲃ҃ ло́р, а҆девъ́р а҆́девъ́р гръе́скꙋ во́аѡ, къ̀ то́т̾ чи́не фа́че пъка́ть ро́бь ꙗ҆́сте пъка́тꙋлꙋи.
      Răspunse Is[us] lor, adevăr adevăr grăesc voao, că tot cine face păcat rob iaste păcatului.
      Jesus answered them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Whosoever committeth sin is the servant of sin. (John 8:34)
    • 1835, document; published in I. Cojocaru, editor, Documente privitoare la economia Țării Românești. 1800-1850 [Documents concerning the economy of Wallachia], volume 2, Bucharest: Editura Științifică, 1958, page 581:
      [] toată rădăcina de prun au dat 10 ocă prune.
      [] that every plum tree yielded 10 oca of plums.
    • 1856, Dimitrie Bolintineanu, Călĕtoriĭ la Ierusalim în serbătorile Pascelui şi în Egiptŭ [Journeys to Jerusalem during Easter and to Egypt], second edition, Bucharest, published 1867, page 96:
      În ajunul Epifanieĭ, în tot anul, venéŭ aicĭ mulţime de chreştinĭ.
      On the day before Epiphany, each year, a multitude of Christians would come here.
    • 1937, Tudor Arghezi, “Furnicile [The ants]”, in Pe o palmă de țărână [On a handful of dirt]; republished in Scrieri [Writings], volume 8, Bucharest: Editura pentru Literatură, 1965, page 55:
      [] toată furnica vine să⸗și ia dejunul în ulcea []
      [] every ant comes over to eat dinner in a bowl []
    • 2012 July 27, Diana Răileanu, quoting a Moldovan peasant, “Țări mai mici, mai puțin dezvoltate ca noi au irigare…”, in Radio Free Europe Moldova:
      Începând chiar cu porumbul, la care tot țăranul trăgea nădejde că o să hrănească o vită, e la zero.
      To start with the maize, with which every peasant hoped to feed a cow—it’s nil.
  4. (mostly used of bodies; preposited or postposited) all over
    • 1916, Henric Sanielevici, Icoane fugare: documente omenești [Ephemeral icons: human documents], Bucharest: Socec, page 11:
      Da-i udă toată și ni strică hainele!
      But it’s all wet and it spoils our clothes!
    • 1980, Alfred Neagu, transl., Insulele lui Thomas Hudson, Univers, translation of Islands in the Stream by Ernest Hemingway, page 459:
      Willie se arătă pe puntea de comandă, încă tot umflat de la înțepăturile de țînțari.
      Willie showed up on the control deck, still swollen all over from the mosquito stings.
    • 1990, Miodrag Milin, Timișoara, 15–21 decembrie ’89, Timișoara, page 108:
      Adrian era tot murdar, cu o vînătaie urîtă sub ochi.
      Adrian was all dirty, with an ugly bruise under an eye.
Usage notes

The singular genitive case is not used; the word întreg is substituted. Nonstandard usage is, however, encountered in old texts:

1829, contract; published in I. Cojocaru, editor, Documente privitoare la economia Țării Românești. 1800-1850 [Documents concerning the economy of Wallachia], volume 1, Bucharest: Editura Științifică, 1958, page 443:
Și pentru săvârșirea a tot lucrului, să-mi dea taleri patruzeci și cinci de mii []
And, for completion of the entire matter, let him give me forty five thousand thalers []

In the meaning of “all over”, tot is an adverb in all respects other than gender concord; compare French tout.

While the word tot is by no means markedly informal, elevated writing prefers its synonym întreg.

Declension
Synonyms

Noun

tot n (uncountable)

  1. a totality, whole [from 1836]
    un tot unitara unified whole
    • 1836, Gheorghe Asachi, Aritmetica, volume 1, Iași: Tipografia Albinei, page 50:
      Кꙋ пꙋтинцъ есте а ꙟмпърци ꙋн тотꙋл (лꙋкрꙋ ꙟнтрег) ꙟ атѫте пърцй кѫте вом вои.
      Cu putință este a împărți un totul (lucru întreg) în atâte părți câte vom voi.
      It is possible to divide a whole (an entire thing) into as many parts as we want.
    • 1849–1852, Nicolae Bălcescu, Istoria românilor sub Mihai Vodă Viteazul, second edition, Bucharest: Romanian Academy, published 1887, page 3:
      Prin împărțirea funcțiilor, națiunile în omenire, ca și individele în societate, produc chiar prin diversitatea lor, armonia totuluĭ, unitatea.
      By designation of functions, the nations within humanity produce, as does the individual in society, the harmony of the whole, the unity, precisely by means of their diversity.
  2. (figurative, poetic) world, universe
  3. (articulated, only as nominal predicate) everything (the crucial part, the crux)
Declension
Synonyms

Pronoun

tot

  1. everything
    Tot ce faci contează.Everything you do matters.
  2. everyone
    Vă mulțumesc tuturor.I thank you all.
Declension

Derived terms

Noun

tot m (plural toți) (Transylvania)

  1. Alternative form of tăut (Slovak)

References

Romansch

Alternative forms

  • tut (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan)
  • tuot (Puter, Vallader)

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Latin tōtus.

Adverb

tot

  1. (Surmiran) all

Walloon

Etymology

From Old French tot, from Vulgar Latin tōttus, alteration of Latin tōtus.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tɔ/

Adjective

tot

  1. all

Wastek

Noun

tot

  1. turkey vulture

References

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