arat
Finnish
Hungarian
Etymology
Of debated origin:
- Either from Proto-Uralic *šurɜ- (“to cut, divide, distribute, share”),[1][2]
- or from a Turkic language, compare Proto-Turkic *or- and Ottoman Turkish ora.[2]
Either way, it is considered to have the Hungarian suffix -t and to be the variant of Hungarian irt, with which it used to share its meaning.[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɒrɒt]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: arat
- Rhymes: -ɒt
Verb
arat
Conjugation
conjugation of arat
| 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | aratok | aratsz | arat | aratunk | arattok | aratnak |
| Def. | aratom | aratod | aratja | aratjuk | aratjátok | aratják | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | aratlak | ― | ||||||
| Past | Indef. | arattam | arattál | aratott | arattunk | arattatok | arattak | |
| Def. | arattam | arattad | aratta | arattuk | arattátok | aratták | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | arattalak | ― | ||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | aratnék | aratnál | aratna | aratnánk | aratnátok | aratnának |
| Def. | aratnám | aratnád | aratná | aratnánk (or aratnók) |
aratnátok | aratnák | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | aratnálak | ― | ||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | arassak | arass or arassál |
arasson | arassunk | arassatok | arassanak |
| Def. | arassam | arasd or arassad |
arassa | arassuk | arassátok | arassák | ||
| 2nd-p. o. | arassalak | ― | ||||||
| Infinitive | aratni | aratnom | aratnod | aratnia | aratnunk | aratnotok | aratniuk | |
| Other nonfinite verb forms |
Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
| aratás | arató | aratott | aratandó | aratva | arathat | |||
References
- Entry #1014 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
- arat in Gerstner, Károly (ed.). Új magyar etimológiai szótár. (’New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian’). Beta version. Budapest, MTA Nyelvtudományi Intézet / ELKH Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont, 2011–2022. (Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary).
Further reading
- arat in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- arat in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (’A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2023)
Indonesian
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈarat̚/
- Hyphenation: arat
Noun
arat (first-person possessive aratku, second-person possessive aratmu, third-person possessive aratnya)
Further reading
- “arat” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Latin
References
- arat in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
Latvian
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈa.rat/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -arat
- Syllabification: a‧rat
Declension
Romanian
Etymology 2
From Latin arātrum, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂érh₃trom. Compare Aromanian aratru, arat, Spanish and Portuguese arado, Italian aratro (older form arato), Catalan arada). Largely replaced by plug.
Alternative forms
- aratru (regional)
Declension
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