Roads in Azerbaijan

Roads in Azerbaijan are the main transport network in Azerbaijan. With the railway network still undergoing modernization and not covering the entire country, especially mountainous areas and other areas with difficult topography, the road system is the most important form of transport in the country. Its role is important both with national, and as an important transit country, with international traffic.

Road signs in Azerbaijan

Road Map of Azerbaijan

Overview

Azerbaijan is an important country for international transit. The total length of the Azerbaijani road network is about 29,000 km, serving domestic cargo traffic and connecting to international highways. Because Azerbaijan's railway network is inadequate, roads provide the most important form of transport in the country. Highways are mostly in fair condition, but do not meet international standards for transit traffic. Smaller main and rural roads are in poor condition. All types of roads are undergoing rapid modernization with rehabilitation and extensions. For every 1,000 km2 of the national territory, there is 334 km of roads. In 2018, the Global Competitiveness Index ranked Azerbaijan 36th out of 137 countries for the quality (condition and extensiveness) of its road infrastructure.[1]

History

The first modern paved roads in Azerbaijan were built in the 19th century when it was part of the Russian Empire.

Road classification

Motorways
M2 Azerbaijan

The most important class of highways is motorways. They are designated with the letter M.[2]

Azerbaijan has recently developed a network of multi-lane motorways, which are steadily being expanded. Especially around Baku, some of these roads are built to controlled-access highway standards. Most motorways have six lanes, whereas some in and near Baku have up to eight. In the cities, the motorways are illuminated.

SignNumberRouteLengthInternational numbers
M1Baku – Abşeron – Sumqayıt – Xızı – Siyəzən – Şabran – Quba – Qusar – Xaçmaz – Russia203 km
M2Baku – Tovuz – Georgia507 km
M3Ələt – Salyan – Lənkəran – Astara – Iran (Astara)211 km
M4Baku – Shamakhi – Agsu – Goychay – Agdash253 km
M5Yevlakh – Shaki – Zaqatala – Balakən184 km
M6Hajiqabul – Şirvan – Bəhramtəpə – Horadiz – Zəngilan – Armenia (closed)290 km
M7Nakhchivan – Babək – Kəngərli – Şərur – Sədərək – Turkey081 km
M8Culfa – Ordubad – Armenia (closed)089 km
Reference:[2]

Highways

65 other highways are a level below M-level roads and connect main highways to communities. These highways are designated with the letter R. The highway network is four lanes wide, two in each direction. Like motorways, they are illuminated in the cities, but less frequently in towns. In Azerbaijan, highway signs are blue and the names of locations are printed in capital letters. The main highways in the country are:

SignNumberRouteLength
R1Qəndob – Xaçmaz – Xudat – Yalama – Russia088 km
R2Giləzi – Xızı031 km
R3Quba – Qusar012 km
R4Quba – Xaçmaz022 km
R5Qusar – Xudat029 km
R6Hacı Zeynalabdin – Sahil040 km
R7Hacı Zeynalabdin – Sumqayıt018 km
R8Muğanlı – İsmayıllı040 km
R9Qaraməryəm – İsmayıllı – Şəki – Oğuz158 km
R10Qaraməryəm – Müsüslü022 km
R11Ağsu – Kürdəmir – İmişli – Bəhramtəpə113 km
R12Göyçay – Bərgüşad018 km
R13Göyçay – Ucar020 km
R14Ağdaş – Ləki010 km
R15Ağdaş – Zarağan045 km
R16Qorağan – Qax – Zaqatala043 km
R17Xaldan – Mingəçevir013 km
R18Mingəçevir – Mingəçevir Hydro Power Plant – Bəhramtəpə166 km
R19Ganja – Kəlbəcər – Laçın200 km
R20Ganja – Daşkəsən038 km
R21Ganja – Samux008 km
R22Şəmkir – Gədəbəy045 km
R23Qazax – Uzuntala – Armenia (closed)014 km
R24Ağstafa – Poylu – Georgia ()054 km
R25Goranboy – Naftalan018 km
R26Goranboy – Tərtər035 km
R27Tərtər – Hindarx041 km
R28Yevlax – Xocalı – Laçın – Xankəndi – Şuşa154 km
R29Bərdə – İstisu – Kəlbəcər164 km
R30Xankəndi – Xocavənd042 km
R31Shusha – Fuzuli053 km
R32Ucar – Zərdab – Ağcabədi076 km
R33Ağdam – Hindarx – Ağcabədi048 km
R34Ağdam – Ağdərə026 km
R35Aghdam – Fuzuli – Horadiz – Xocavənd094 km
R36Lachin – Həkəri083 km
R37Lachin – Zabux – Armenia (closed)023 km
R38Qubadlı – Xanlıq016 km
R39Həkəri – Zəngilan023 km
R40Fuzuli – Cəbrayil – Mahmudlu046 km
R41Yuxarı Qarabağ Kanalı – Beyləqan – Daşburun032 km
R42Bəhramtəpə – Biləsuvar062 km
R43Biləsuvar – Iran019 km
R44Hacıqabul – Shirvan011 km
R45Şirvan – Noxudlu – Salyan043 km
R46Salyan – Neftçala040 km
R47Masallı – Yardımlı053 km
R48Lankaran – Lerik055 km
R49Nakhchivan – Şahbuz – Armenia (closed)065 km
R50M2 (371 km) – Ganja International Airport011 km
R51M2 (336 km) – Ganja008 km
R52M2 (317 km) – Train station Kürəkçay005 km
R53M2 (376 km) – Train station Alabaşlı008 km
R54M2 (70 km) – Train station Ələt005 km
R55M3 (220 km) – Train station Masallı005 km
R56M5 (17 km) – Kərimli031 km
R57M5 (46 km) – Şəki012 km
R58M5 (128 km) – Train station Zaqatala009 km
R59M5 (150 km) – Train station Balakən002 km
R60M6 (94 km) – İmişli007 km
R61M6 (250 km) – Zəngilan011 km
R62M7 (58 km) – Şərur004 km
R63M7 (80 km) – Sədərək008 km
R64M8 (3 km) – Babək003 km
R65M8 (44 km) – Culfa002 km
R66M8 (75 km) – Train station Ordubad005 km
Reference:[2]

Roads of local importance

Below R-level roads, roads of local importance connect M- and R-level roads to settlements. They are designated with Y for yerli (local). The road numbers are named in the format "Y-##-##", where # stands for a digit. The first two digits follow the same digits allocated to each district for license plates. The second pair of digits is assigned from 01 upwards in each district. Cities of republican significance do not have their individual codes, as there are no local roads, only republican, regional, and municipal.[3]

References
  1. "Quality of roads". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  2. "Azərbaycan Respublikasının respublika əhəmiyyətli avtomobil yollarının siyahısının təsdiq edilməsi haqqında" [On approval of the list of roads of republican significance of the Republic of Azerbaijan] (in Azerbaijani). (Archive)
  3. "Yerli əhəmiyyətli avtomobil yollarının siyahısı" [On approval of the list of roads of republican significance of the Republic of Azerbaijan] (PDF). (Archive)

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.

See also
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