کردن

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákart (“to do, make”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make, construct”).

Modern Indo-Iranian cognates include Ossetian кӕнын (kænyn), конд (kond), Pashto کول‎ (kawël, krël), Baluchi [script needed] (kan-, ku(r)t-), Persian کردن‎ (kardan), Zazaki kerden , Hindi करना (karnā), and Urdu کرنا‎ (karnā).

کردن (kirdin) (present stem کە-‎ (ke-))

1. to do

• کِران‎ (kiran)
• -کەر‎ (-ker)

From Middle Persian 𐭥𐭡𐭩𐭣𐭥𐭭𐭲𐭭𐭩‎ (OBYDWN-tn’), 𐭪𐭥𐭲𐭭𐭩‎ (krtn’ /kardan/), from Old Persian [script needed] (kar-, “to do, make, build”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákart (“to do, make”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make, construct”).

Modern Indo-Iranian cognates include Ossetian кӕнын (kænyn), конд (kond), Pashto کول‎ (kawël, krël), Baluchi [script needed] (kan-, ku(r)t-), Northern Kurdish kirin, Zazaki [Term?] (kerdiš, ken-), Hindi करना (karnā), and Urdu کرنا‎ (karnā).

The generic root for "to do, make" has developed in a wide range of specific activities, which have been preserved in old derivations such as: سگالیدن‎ (segâlidan, “to think, meditate”), پیکر‎ (peykar, “picture, statue”), نگاشتن‎ (negâštan, “to paint”), انگاشتن‎ (engâštan, “to suppose; believe, consider”), پنگاشتن‎ (pengâštan, “paint, figure, write”).

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /kaɾˈdan/
• (Dari): IPA^(key): /kaɾˈdan/
  • (Kabuli): IPA^(key): /kaˈdan/
• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /kæɾˈdæn/
  • (dialectal Iranian, especially Mashhad, Yazd, Shiraz): IPA^(key): /keɾˈdæn/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /kaɾˈdan/

• Audio (Iran)

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کَردَن • (kardan) (present stem کُن‎ (kon))

1. to do

   Synonym: انجام دادن‎ (anjâm dâdan)

2. to make
3. A highly productive light verb that derives verbs from nouns and adjectives.

   ‎معرفی‎ (mo'arrefi, “introduction”) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎معرفی کردن‎ (mo'arrefi kardan, “to introduce”, literally “to make introduction”)

   ‎پیشرفت‎ (pišraft, “progress”) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎پیشرفت کردن‎ (pišraft kardan, “to progress”, literally “to make progress”)

   ‎باز‎ (bâz, “open”) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎باز کردن‎ (bâz kardan, “to open”, literally “to make open”)

   ‎تمیز‎ (tamiz, “clean”) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎تمیز کردن‎ (tamiz kardan, “to clean”, literally “to make clean”)

   ‎گوش‎ (guš, “ear”) + ‎کردن (kardan) → ‎گوش کردن‎ (guš kardan, “to listen”)

   Synonyms: انجام دادن‎ (anjâm dâdan), فرمودن‎ (farmudan, honorific)

4. (vulgar) to fuck

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “kardan”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “kardan”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul

From Proto-Iranian *Hákart, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kar- (“to do, make”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make, construct”).

• IPA^(key): /kɪrdɪn/

کردن (kirdin) (Latin script kirdin‎)

1. (transitive) to do, to make (to perform an action)

Borrowed from Persian کردن‎ (kardan).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /kəɾ.d̪ən/
• (Deccani) IPA^(key): /kəɾ.d̪ən/

کَرْدَن • (kardan) (Hindi spelling कर्दन)

1. (rare, example) to do

• “کردن”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “کردن”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.