گشتن

See also: کشتن‎ and كسبن‎

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gltyt /gardēd/), from Proto-Iranian *gártati (“to turn”), possibly a merger with *gárati (“to turn, wind”) and *wártati (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“to turn”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Dari): IPA(key): /ɡaʃtan/

Verb

Dari گشتن
Iranian Persian
Tajik гаштан (gaštan)

گشتن • (gaštan), present stem گرد‎ (gard)

  1. (intransitive) to rotate, turn, revolve, spin (to move around an axis)
    Synonyms: چرخیدن‎ (čarxidan), گردیدن‎ (gardidan)
    ‏به دور خود گشتن‎
    be dowr-e xod gaštan
    to turn, spin (around)
    ‏زمین به طور مداوم به دور خود می‌گردد.‎‎
    zamin be tur-e modâvem be dowr-e xod mi-gardad
    The Earth is constantly spinning.
    ‏زمین یک بار در هر بیست و چهار ساعت به دور خود می‌گردد.‎‎
    zamin yek bâr dar har bist-o-čahâr sâ'at be dowr-e xod mi-gardad
    The Earth revolves once every 24 hours.
  2. (intransitive) to spin (to rotate or turn around quickly)
    Synonyms: چرخیدن‎ (čarxidan), گردیدن‎ (gardidan)
    ‏توپ بر روی زمین به دور خود می‌گردد.‎‎
    tup bar ru-ye zamin be dowr-e xod mi-gardad
    The ball is spinning on the ground.
  3. (intransitive) to circulate (to move in a circuit, for example blood, air)
    Synonyms: گردیدن‎ (gardidan), در گردش بودن‎ (dar gardeš budan)
    ‏هوا در فضای خانه می‌گردد.‎‎ ― havâ dar fazâ-ye xâne mi-gardad ― The air is circulating around the house (space).
  4. (intransitive) to circle (to travel in a circle or circles)
    Synonyms: چرخیدن‎ (čarxidan), گردیدن‎ (gardidan)
    ‏پرنده‌ها بالای سرمان می‌گشتند.‎‎ ― parande-hâ bâlâ-ye saremân mi-gaštand ― The birds were circling above us.
  5. (intransitive) to walk around, have a walk around
    Synonyms: چرخیدن‎ (čarxidan), گردیدن‎ (gardidan)
    ‏بیا برویم بگردیم.‎‎ ― biyâ be-ravim be-gardim ― Let’s go walk around.
    ‏رفتیم بیرون بگردیم.‎‎ ― raftim birun be-gardim ― We went out to walk around.
  6. to become, to be changed

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

  1. Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*gart”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 110-111
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