家書

Chinese

		home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools	book; letter
trad. (家書)		家	書
simp. (家书)		家	书
anagram		書家／书家

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāshū

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄚㄕㄨ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaa¹ syu¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâ-sû

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāshū
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄚㄕㄨ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiashu
  - Wade–Giles: chia¹-shu¹
  - Yale: jyā-shū
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiashu
  - Palladius: цзяшу (czjašu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjä⁵⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaa¹ syu¹
  - Yale: gā syū
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaa¹ sy¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ga¹ xu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaː⁵⁵ ʃyː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâ-sû
  - Hakka Romanization System: ga´ su´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ga¹ su¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ka²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

Middle Chinese: /kˠa ɕɨʌ/

Rime
Character	家	書
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	III
Fanqie	古牙切	傷魚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠa/	/ɕɨʌ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚa/	/ɕiɔ/
Shao Rongfen	/ka/	/ɕiɔ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨ/	/ɕɨə̆/
Li Rong	/ka/	/ɕiɔ/
Wang Li	/ka/	/ɕĭo/
Bernard Karlgren	/ka/	/ɕi̯wo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiā	shū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gaa¹	syu¹

Noun

家書

letter to or from one's family or home

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