年關

Chinese

		year	to close; to shut; to turn off to close; to shut; to turn off; to concern; to involve; mountain pass
trad. (年關)		年	關
simp. (年关)		年	关

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niánguān

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ gwaan¹
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): nî-koan

(Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵ guang¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niánguān
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niánguan
  - Wade–Giles: nien²-kuan¹
  - Yale: nyán-gwān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianguan
  - Palladius: няньгуань (njanʹguanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /njɛn³⁵ kwän⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: nin⁴ gwaan¹
  - Yale: nìhn gwāan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ gwaan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ guan¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-koan
  - Tâi-lô: nî-kuan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ni'koafn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² kuan³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ kuan⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ni⁵ guang¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî kuang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kuaŋ³³/

Noun

年關

end of the year (formerly time for settling accounts)
- 到了年關，掌櫃取下粉板說，「孔乙己還欠十九個錢呢！」 [MSC, trad.]
  到了年关，掌柜取下粉板说，“孔乙己还欠十九个钱呢！” [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1919, Lu Xun, 孔乙己 (Kung I-chi)
  Dàole niánguān, zhǎngguì qǔ xià fěnbǎn shuō, “Kǒng Yǐjǐ hái qiàn shíjiǔ ge qián ne!” [Pinyin]
  At the end of the year, when the tavern keeper took down the board, he said, "Kung I-chi still owes nineteen coppers!"

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