悖る

Japanese
Kanji in this term
悖
もと
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
戻る

Etymology

From Old Japanese.

Cognate with 戻る (modoru, “to return”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) もと​る [mòtóꜜrù] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
  • IPA(key): [mo̞to̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

悖(もと)る • (motoru) transitive or intransitive godan (stem 悖(もと)り (motori), past 悖(もと)った (mototta))

  1. (intransitive) to go against
    人(じん)道(どう)にもとる ― jindō ni motoru ― run contrary to human morals
    Synonyms: 逆らう (sakarau), 背く (somuku), 違う (tagau), 反する (hansuru)
  2. (intransitive) to be bent, be distorted, be twisted
    Synonyms: 捩れる (nejireru), 曲がる (magaru), 歪む (yugamu)
  3. (transitive, obsolete) to bend, distort, twist
    Synonyms: 捩る (nejiru), 曲げる (mageru), 歪める (yugameru)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "悖る" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 悖ら もとら motora
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 悖り もとり motori
Shūshikei ("terminal") 悖る もとる motoru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 悖る もとる motoru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 悖れ もとれ motore
Meireikei ("imperative") 悖れ もとれ motore
Key constructions
Passive 悖られる もとられる motorareru
Causative 悖らせる
悖らす		 もとらせる
もとらす		 motoraseru
motorasu
Potential 悖れる もとれる motoreru
Volitional 悖ろう もとろう motorō
Negative 悖らない もとらない motoranai
Negative continuative 悖らず もとらず motorazu
Formal 悖ります もとります motorimasu
Perfective 悖った もとった mototta
Conjunctive 悖って もとって mototte
Hypothetical conditional 悖れば もとれば motoreba
Classical conjugation of "悖る" (ラ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 悖らもとらmotora
Continuative (連用形) 悖りもとりmotori
Terminal (終止形) 悖るもとるmotoru
Attributive (連体形) 悖るもとるmotoru
Realis (已然形) 悖れもとれmotore
Imperative (命令形) 悖れもとれmotore
Key constructions
Negative 悖らずもとらずmotorazu
Contrasting conjunction 悖れどもとれどmotoredo
Causal conjunction 悖ればもとればmotoreba
Conditional conjunction 悖らばもとらばmotoraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 悖りきもとりきmotoriki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 悖りけりもとりけりmotorikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 悖りつもとりつmotoritu
Perfect tense (natural event) 悖りぬもとりぬmotorinu
Perfect-continuative tense 悖れり
悖りたり		もとれり
もとりたり		motoreri
motoritari
Volitional 悖らむもとらむmotoramu

Derived terms
  • 戻(もと)らかす (motorakasu)

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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