無賴
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| not have | disclaim; rely; to blame | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (無賴) | 無 | 賴 | |
| simp. (无赖) | 无 | 赖 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 無 | 賴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 明 (4) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 虞 (24) | 泰 (25) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | III | I |
| Fanqie | 武夫切 | 落蓋切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/mɨo/ | /lɑiH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/mio/ | /lɑiH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/mio/ | /lɑiH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/muə̆/ | /lajH/ |
| Li Rong |
/mio/ | /lɑiH/ |
| Wang Li |
/mĭu/ | /lɑiH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/mi̯u/ | /lɑiH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
wú | lài |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
mou4 | laai6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 無 | 無 | 無 | 賴 |
| Reading # | 1/3 | 2/3 | 3/3 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
wú | wú | wú | lài |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ mju › | ‹ mju › | ‹ mju › | ‹ lajH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ma/ | /*ma/ | /*mo/ | /*rˁa[t]-s/ |
| English | not have | volitional prefix | don’t | depend on |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 無 | 賴 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 13117 | 7631 |
| Phonetic component |
無 | 賴 |
| Rime group |
魚 | 祭 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
無 | 賴 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ma/ | /*raːds/ |
| Notes | 本從剌聲 | |