私語

See also: 私语

Chinese
personal; private; selfish
 
speech; language; dialect
speech; language; dialect; tell to
trad. (私語) 私 語
simp. (私语) 私 语

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 私 語
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Initial (聲) 心 (16) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 脂 (15) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 息夷切 魚巨切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /siɪ/ /ŋɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /si/ /ŋiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sjɪ/ /ŋiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /si/ /ŋɨə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /si/ /ŋiɔX/
Wang
Li		 /si/ /ŋĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /si/ /ŋi̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 sī yǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 si1 jyu5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 私 語
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 sī yǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sij › ‹ ngjoX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]əj/ /*ŋ(r)aʔ/
English private speak

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 私 語
Reading # 1/1 1/2
No. 11949 13159
Phonetic
component		 厶 五
Rime
group		 脂 魚
Rime
subdivision		 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 私 語
Old
Chinese		 /*sil/ /*ŋaʔ/

Verb

私語

  1. (literary) to whisper; to talk in hushed tones
    大弦嘈嘈如急雨，小弦切切如私語。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    大弦嘈嘈如急雨，小弦切切如私语。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: 815, Bai Juyi, Song of the Pipa
    Dà xián cáocáo rú jí yǔ, xiǎo xián qièqiè rú sīyǔ. [Pinyin]
    The bold strings loudly, with the crash of falling rain; the fine strings softly, as the murmur of whispered words.

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (私語):
  • → Japanese: 私(し)語(ご) (shigo)
  • → Korean: 사어(私語) (sa'eo)

Noun

私語

  1. secret talk; confidences

Japanese
Kanji in this term
私 語
し
Grade: 6		 ご
Grade: 2
goon

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) し​ご [shíꜜgò] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA(key): [ɕiɡo̞]

Noun

私(し)語(ご) • (shigo) 

  1. whisper, whispering; private or secret talk

Verb

私(し)語(ご)する • (shigo suru) suru (stem 私(し)語(ご)し (shigo shi), past 私(し)語(ご)した (shigo shita))

  1. to whisper

Conjugation
Conjugation of "私語する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 私語し しごし shigo shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 私語し しごし shigo shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 私語する しごする shigo suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 私語する しごする shigo suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 私語すれ しごすれ shigo sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 私語せよ¹
私語しろ²		 しごせよ¹
しごしろ²		 shigo seyo¹
shigo shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 私語される しごされる shigo sareru
Causative 私語させる
私語さす		 しごさせる
しごさす		 shigo saseru
shigo sasu
Potential 私語できる しごできる shigo dekiru
Volitional 私語しよう しごしよう shigo shiyō
Negative 私語しない しごしない shigo shinai
Negative continuative 私語せず しごせず shigo sezu
Formal 私語します しごします shigo shimasu
Perfective 私語した しごした shigo shita
Conjunctive 私語して しごして shigo shite
Hypothetical conditional 私語すれば しごすれば shigo sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

References
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.