突厥

Chinese
phonetic
trad. (突厥) 突 厥
simp. #(突厥) 突 厥

Etymology

Ultimately from a form which also gave rise to the name Türk (cf. Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰚‎ (Türk), 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜‎ (Türük)), but the phonetics are difficult to reconcile.

It has been suggested that this is a transcription of Rouran *Türküt, a plural of the Mongolic type, composed of Türk + *-üt (Mongolic plural suffix, compare Khalkha Mongolian -үүд (-üüd)) (Pelliot, 1915). Pulleyblank (1965) proposed that this is a direct transcription of Türk.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 突 厥
Reading # 2/2 1/2
Initial (聲) 透 (6) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 魂 (56) 文 (60)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) I III
Fanqie 他骨切 九勿切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰuət̚/ /kɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰuot̚/ /kiut̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰuət̚/ /kiuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰwət̚/ /kut̚/
Li
Rong		 /tʰuət̚/ /kiuət̚/
Wang
Li		 /tʰuət̚/ /kĭuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰuət̚/ /ki̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tu ju
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 teot1 gwat1

Proper noun

突厥

  1. (historical) Göktürks
  2. Turk (collective name for various Turkic ethnic groups)

Derived terms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (突厥):

Further reading
  • Lee, Joo-Yup (2016), “The Historical Meaning of the Term Turk and the Nature of the Turkic Identity of the Chinggisid and Timurid Elites in Post-Mongol Central Asia”, in Central Asiatic Journal‎, volume 59, issue 1–2, →DOI, pages 101–32

Japanese
Kanji in this term
突 厥
とつ > とっ
Grade: S		 けつ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
突厥 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [to̞k̚ke̞t͡sɨᵝ]

Proper noun

突(とっ)厥(けつ) • (Tokketsu) 

  1. the Turks
  2. Mongolia

Derived terms

Korean
Hanja in this term
突厥

Proper noun

突厥 • (Dolgwol) (hangeul 돌궐)

  1. Hanja form? of 돌궐 (“Turk; Göktürk”).

Vietnamese
Hán tự in this term
突厥

Proper noun

突厥

  1. chữ Hán form of Đột Quyết (“Turk; Göktürk”).
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